Sonic compressors are used in home audio and sound production settings. They are primarily used to reduce volume peaks in audio recordings, providing the listener with a more pleasurable listening experience. The four types of compressors are variable-mu,voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA), field effect transistor (FET) and optical attenuator.
Variable-Mu
Variable-mu compressors utilize a series of vacuum tubes to achieve a smooth, balanced sound. Because they rely on tube technology to operate, these compressors cost considerably more than other types. Manley Labs and Fairchild are the most well-known manufacturers of variable-mu compressors.
Voltage-Controlled Amplifier (VCA)
VCA compressors utilize a solid state circuit to lend a tight, dynamic sound to audio recordings. This circuitry gives VCA units a faster response time than variable-mu units; they are also cheaper than other compressor types. Dbx is the best known manufacturer of VCA compressors.
Field-Effect Transistor (FET)
FET compressors use transistor circuits. These units were first introduced as a cheaper alternative to variable-mu compressors--FET circuitry emulates the smooth, balanced sound of tube technology. UREI and Neve are the most popular manufacturers of FET compressors.
Optical Attenuator
Optical attenuator compressors utilize light technology to operate. As audio enters these units, a light bulb glows or dims according to volume level; a phototransistor then detects changes in the bulb, transmitting a signal that attenuates volume. Urei and Teletronix are the most famous manufacturers of optical attenuator compressors.
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