Third Generation, or 3G, wireless networks are mobile networks capable of transmitting and receiving voice and data information between mobile phones, landlines and the Internet at high speeds. The technology first launched with Verizon's 3G network in early 2002. Most American wireless networks quickly followed suit. The 3G standard will be followed by the 4G standard featuring Long Term Evolution Technology.
3G Networks
There are two standards of 3G technology in use in the United States. HSDPA/UTMS and EVDO. HSDPA/UTMS or High Speed Downlink Packet Access/Universal Mobile Telephone system allows for simultaneous voice and data transfer. This allows users to perform data tasks such as sending email or browsing the Internet while also making voice calls. EVDO networks also allow users to transfer data and voice, but not simultaneously.
Transmission Speeds
Transmission speeds for 3G networks vary depending on location, device, and carrier. Generally they are between 600 Kbps and 1.4 Mbps. As a point of reference, a device could transfer an average-sized MP3 file in approximately four seconds at 1.4 Mbps. These speeds are possible with mobile devices using EVDO rev. A.
Compatible Devices
In addition to 3G capable cell phones, many networks offer 3G computer expansions, allowing laptop users to access the Internet anywhere where their network provider has coverage. Devices that require wireless data transfer, such as the Amazon Kindle, also use 3G technology. Most devices charge a monthly fee for 3G data access. Other devices that only use 3G to connect to mobile market places offer 3G access for free.
Standards
The classification of a network as "3G" is based on the International Telecommunication Union's IMT-2000 standard. The standard is a framework set in place for developers to utilize the spectrum between 400 MHz and 3 GHz in a more concerted manner. Establishing a universal 3G standard reduces the differences between individual 3G networks. This reduces the challenges to global roaming by making it far easier to build a mobile phone that can work on any 3G network.
Tags: data transfer, HSDPA UTMS, voice data, wireless networks