A boom microphone in use.
The invention of the boom changed the film industry forever. The boom microphone was invented during the early years of "talkie" films. The fixed microphones they were using did not have good sound quality, so the actors had to stay in place on the screen, near a hidden microphone, causing awkward-looking shots. With a boom microphone, however, the microphone could follow the actor around, permitting more natural framing. The ultimate purpose of a boom is to get a microphone in the best position to record, while at the same time causing the least amount of physical interference with the individuals who are being recorded.
Definition
The term "boom microphone" actually refers to the long pole that supports a microphone so it can be maneuvered. Any kind of microphone can be used on a boom, and different kinds of specialized microphones are used depending on the situation. A popular microphone to use on a boom is the shotgun mic, which is specifically designed to cancel out extraneous noise. The boom itself can be homemade, simply by using a long pole and fixing a microphone to one end. Professional booms are often hollow and made in several threaded pieces for easy transport. Professional booms also often have harnesses and other modifications to make them easier to hold for long periods of time.
Function
While a boom microphone was originally used exclusively in film, its versatility soon became apparent. Today, booms are used in television, radio and in conference situations, as well as in film. Booms are also used to record music, capturing live music from orchestras to operas. The boom itself can be modified depending on the situation. A boom is sometimes fixed on a stand or hung above to achieve the best recording.
Benefits
The benefits of a boom microphone are many. They allow for hands-free performances of entertainers and newscasters. Boom microphones also allow for freedom of movement, keeping cords off the floor so performers won't trip over them. They are also well-suited for reality television program production.
Shortcomings
The most common shortcoming of a boom microphone is that it sometimes accidentally winds up in a shot. Also, the microphones used on booms today are sometimes so sensitive that any movement of the boom will be caught on the recording. The sound technician manning the microphone has to constantly monitor the recording levels to make sure the sound quality is good.
Types
The term "boom microphone" is sometimes used to refer to other types of microphone extensions, not just the familiar long poles we see used on movie and television sets. Telephone speaking headsets have a boom of sorts: the arm that extends from the headphones and holds the microphone close to the speaker's mouth. Microphone stands that rest on a stage can be considered boom microphones, especially if they have a long, angled arm that can be adjusted in any direction.
Tags: boom microphone, boom itself, boom microphone, depending situation, long pole, microphones used, Professional booms