NiCd rechargeable batteries
account for more than 50 percent of rechargeable batteries.
Rechargeable NiCd (nickel-cadmium) batteries are a popular, versatile type of battery that comprises nickel hydroxide -- Ni(OH)2 -- for its cathode (positive electrode) and cadmium -- Cd -- as its anode (negative electrode).
Origin
The NiCd battery was invented in 1899 by Waldmar Junger. This was the advent of alkaline nickel battery technology. In the mid-1900s, the NiCd battery technology was developed into the form available to consumers today.
Uses
NiCd rechargeable batteries make up more than 50 percent of rechargeable batteries used for portable equipment. They are used to power two-way radios, power tools, toys, emergency lighting, electric razors and many other devices.
Pros and Cons
Some of the advantages of NiCd rechargeable batteries are that they are reasonably priced, they recharge quickly, they have a high number of charge/discharge cycles (more than 1,000 if properly maintained), they have a long shelf life, they are rugged, and they come in many different sizes and performance options.
Some drawbacks are that they are made with environmentally unfriendly toxic metals, they have a low energy density when compared to more modern battery types (NiCd stores less energy for the same weight battery), and they can develop an issue known as "memory effect," when the battery will not carry its maximum charge because it has been improperly discharged.
Tips
To avoid "memory effect" with NiCd batteries, simply let them fully discharge (run out of power) through normal use in a compatible electronic device before removing and recharging them. Also, let them fully recharge before using them again.
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