How Do Reverse Cycle Air Conditioners Work

A reverse-cycle air conditioner is not an air conditioner at all but a type of heater. Reverse-cycle air conditioners work just like normal air conditioners only in reverse, transferring heat into the house instead of out of it.

Benefits

Reverse-cycle air conditioners are much more efficient than other types of electric heaters. Many reverse-cycle air conditioners can move three units of heat for every unit of electrical energy they consume.

Compressor

The compressor is a pump that powers the reverse-cycle air conditioner. The compressor pumps refrigerant through a series of chambers to transfer heat from outside the house to inside.

Condenser

The refrigerant flows out of the compressor into the high-pressure condenser. When it is compressed, it heats up. That heat is blown by a fan into the room.

Evaporator

The refrigerant then flows through a narrow valve into the evaporator, a low-pressure chamber located outside the house. The refrigerant becomes extremely cold. Heat from the ground or air outside the house seeps into the evaporator, warming the refrigerant, which is then pumped back into the condenser.

Features

Reverse-cycle air conditioners are usually reversible. They can be run in the opposite direction during the summer to cool the house.

Tags: outside house, into evaporator, reverse-cycle conditioner, Reverse-cycle conditioners

Mini Dv Tape Types

There are several types of Mini DV tapes.

Miniature Digital Video, or Mini DV, allows home and office camera operators to take high resolution film without spending thousands of dollars on professional HD film equipment. Still, like most technology, mini digital video tapes come in many brands and types. These types vary in resolution quality, size and compatibility.

Mini DV

According to DVD Creators, "Mini DV, short for mini Digital Video, offers the clearest and most vivid colors out of all the types of camcorders on the market." Additionally, Mini DV tapes are small enough to fit in the palm of the hand and can record from 60 to 90 minutes of footage. The advantage to Mini DV over Digital 8 is higher resolution and the ability to transfer data from the tape directly to a computer using a FireWire cable. Although several later models of camcorder use DVD or flash memory to record footage, Mini DV tape still offers some of the best resolution on the market and was also one of the first technologies to allow consumer HD recording.

Mini HD-DV

High Definition is a high quality Mini DV tape that has a recording data rate of 19 to 25 Mbps and offers either 720 or 1080i resolution. This tape, available in 60 minute lengths, records in 16:9 widescreen HD format using the same size 0.25 inch tape as a Mini-DV by changing the compression format of the tape to MPEG 2. Footage from this type of Mini DV tape can also be transferred to the computer by using a FireWire cable.

Digital 8

Digital 8 is the successor to Hi 8 camcorder tape format and is used in several camcorders as both full size and mini format. Although Digital 8 is used in small camcorders such as the Sony Handycam, Mini DV tape is 56 percent smaller than its Digital 8 cousin. Despite this difference the length of Digital 8 tapes is shorter than many Mini DV tapes. The main difference between Mini DV and Digital 8 tape is the central technology used. According to Panasonic, "Mini DV was developed as a future digital video format in 1994, while the 8mm technology that Digital 8 uses was developed a decade earlier, in 1984." Digital 8 camcorders are also much less abundant than Mini DV and are currently only offered by Sony and Hitachi. The highest resolution for Digital 8 tape is 540 lines.

Tags: Mini tape, Mini tapes, computer using, computer using FireWire, Digital tape, digital video

Stop Humming On An Av Receiver

Using an audio/video receiver is an excellent way of maximizing your home entertainment experience. An AV receiver takes the audio from your TV by way of an audio connection cable and outputs it through stereo speakers, offering far superior audio quality than when just using the TV's speakers. You may at times experience intermittent audio distortion when using your AV receiver; this is typically a simple issue that can often be resolved using some simple troubleshooting.

Instructions

1. Check speaker wire connections on the back of the AV receivers. Speaker wire that has come loose, dirty, or damaged at all can very often cause humming or other audio distortion. Check the speaker cables for any of the above and replace them if they have become irreparably damaged.

2. Unplug the audio connection cables that attach the device you are trying to watch to the AV receiver and check them for any bending or damage. If you are using RCA cables to connect a DVD player to the AV receiver, for example, unplug the red and white audio cables and plug them back in snugly. Check the audio signal for any improvement.

3. Replace the audio connection cables that attach the device to the AV receiver if unplugging and replugging the cords did not clear up the humming. If there is no more humming with the new set of cables, simply continue to use those cables in place of the original set.

4. Scan the other inputs on the AV receiver to determine the scope of the problem. This is typically done using the input selection control--usually labeled "input," "source" or "input select"--either on the receiver itself or on the receiver's remote. Press it repeatedly and listen to the audio signal from all of the other devices that you have connected to the AV receiver. If there is only humming on one input and replacing the audio connection cables did nothing to clear it up, the device itself may be causing the issue and you will need to troubleshoot that device individually. If you hear the humming on all the inputs and replacing the speaker wire did not resolve the issue, the AV receiver will likely need to be serviced.

Tags: audio connection, audio connection cables, connection cables, attach device, audio distortion, audio signal

Troubleshoot A Canon Powershot A540

The Canon Powershot A540 is a 6.0 megapixel digital camera that uses a 4x optical zoom lens for picture taking. Additional features include a 2 1/2- inch display screen, built-in flash, and automatic and red eye reduction modes. Instead of taking the camera immediately to a Canon service provider when you develop a problem, you can perform some troubleshooting on your own.

Instructions

1. Update the driver for your Canon Powershot A540. Check the Canon website to view any available driver updates for your digital camera. Download the update, and then connect the camera to your computer via the USB cable.

2. Replace the batteries for your Canon Powershot A540. If you are using rechargeable batteries, charge them fully, and then try to use the camera again. Otherwise place new AA batteries into the camera. You can also use the AC adapter in case of battery failure.

3. Unlock the memory card. Make sure the tab of the memory card is not set to "Write Protect." You will receive the error message "Card Locked" if you try to save photos to the memory card. Other memory card issues can be resolved by formatting the memory card or using a new one.

4. Raise the ISO speed from the "Menu" button on your Canon Powershot A540 digital camera. Raising the ISO speed can resolve the issue of a slow shutter speed.

5. Change the exposure settings of your Canon Powershot A540 camera. Change to a positive number through the camera's "Menu" key if subjects are underexposed, and to a negative number if they are overexposed.

Tags: Canon Powershot, Canon Powershot A540, Powershot A540, memory card, your Canon, your Canon Powershot, digital camera

Remove Weather Channels On A Cobra 29

The Cobra 29 LX LE radio can tune 10 different weather channels. However, you may want to remove some of these channels if they provide forecasts or alerts irrelevant to your area. The easiest way to accomplish this is to deactivate the automated station scans.

Auto Scan

According to the Cobra 29 LX LE's manual, you can use the "Menu/Enter" knob to access the menu, then turn it to the right until "WX Auto Scan" appears. Push "Menu/Enter" until "Off" is selected. Use "Menu/Enter" once more to complete the process.

Alert Scan

The manual also indicates that you can do the same under "Weather Alert Scan" (use the menu to locate this setting) to prevent alerts from undesired channels. This way, the radio will only sound weather alerts broadcast by the channel you set it to.

Channel

Finally, set the Cobra 29 to the desired local weather channel. With the automatic scans deactivated, it only receives forecasts and alerts from this channel. This will effectively remove the other weather channels.

Tags: Menu Enter, Alert Scan, alerts from, Auto Scan, forecasts alerts

Get Tv On Portable Dvd Player

Portable DVD players are similar to a laptop in design, with a flip-up screen and a DVD insert in the front of the device. Depending on the kind of DVD player you have, you may be able to receive television signals on it. Some players have a built-in tuner, while others require a few other devices connected to allow you to watch television over the DVD player.

Instructions

1. Check your DVD player to see if you have RCA connecting ports (red, yellow and white). You need these to connect a gaming system or other devices to it. If you do not have these ports you can not watch television on the player.

2. Connect a digital converter box (can be found at most electronic stores for around $40). Connect an RCA cable into the "Out" port of the box. Plug the other end of the cables into the DVD player.

3. Connect the antenna into the converter box's "In" port. Most likely the antenna has a coaxial cable (single cable with a metal pin at the end).

4. Plug the converter box into an outlet (as well as the antenna if it requires power) and turn them on. Switch the DVD player to "AUX" (or auxiliary). This reads the device connected to it via the RCA cable input.

5. Flip through the channels using the converter box's remote control until you find a station that has reception.

Tags: other devices, player Connect, player have, watch television

View My Indash Gps On My Pc

An in-dash GPS navigation system provides maps and turn by turn directions while you drive. If you have a need to sync this information to a PC such as a laptop, the best method is to use Bluetooth technology. If your laptop PC does not have Bluetooth built in, use a Bluetooth dongle to sync the two devices. Your in-dash GPS must have the Bluetooth technology as well to make the sync and information display successful.

Instructions

1. Install the GPS software onto the PC. Register the software and enter the GPS navigation device's serial or user number into the software.

2. Place the laptop PC into the automobile equipped with the in-dash GPS system. Turn the GPS and PC on. Enable the Bluetooth technology.

3. Click the "Find Bluetooth Device" option. Wait until the PC recognizes the GPS system and select it from the menu.

4. Open the software and check that the GPS Bluetooth transfer is working by viewing the software. Select the GPS device on the software menu and then select your viewscreen options.

Tags: Bluetooth technology, have Bluetooth

Set Up Cingular Sms

Setting up your Cingular mobile phone to receive SMS messages, otherwise known as text messages, will enable you to stay in contact with your friends and family. SMS messages are short messages, usually no more than 160 characters long. In the event that you cannot talk or do not want to talk in public, opting to send an SMS message is more efficient. Setting up SMS messages is easily done with a Cingular SMS capable phone.

Instructions

By Phone

1. Contact AT&T's customer service department at 1-800-331-0500 or by dialing 611 from your Cingular phone. Inform the representative that you would like to add SMS messaging to your mobile phone plan.

2. Provide the customer service representative with your account number, pass code (if applicable) and your name.

3. Wait for the representative to add the feature to your account. You may be informed to restart your phone to allow the network to update. If this is the case, follow the instructions given by the representative.

Online

4. Visit the AT&T wireless web page and register for an account, and then log into the account.

5. Navigate to the "Manage Features" tab, and then select the SMS messaging plan that you want to add to your Cingular account, followed by clicking the "Next" button.

6. Select "Today's Date" from the drop-down menu, to have your feature setup for use immediately, and then click the "Next" button.

7. Confirm your decision, and then click "Submit."

8. Restart your phone to allow the network to reset and the changes to become active on your device.

Tags: your Cingular, your phone allow, allow network, customer service, mobile phone, Next button, phone allow

Install An Xplod Cd Changer

The Sony Xplod CD changer gives you the option of having multiple CDs available to you without having to search through albums and cases. The Xplod Changer is designed to operate with the Sony Xplod deck with CD changer control options. Before getting started, you will want to find a location to mount your changer. Make sure you leave room to eject the magazine from the changer and that you aren't going to drill any holes around wiring or the gas tank.

Instructions

1. Mount the changer. The mounting bracket on the changer has screw holes to attach the bracket to your vehicle. Using the hardware that came with the changer, secure it to the location that you have selected using your power drill and screwing down the brackets.

2. Disconnect your car battery.

3. Plug the changer's data cable into the back of the Sony deck. On the end of the cable is a DIN plug and there is only one place on the back of the deck where it will fit.

4. Run the data cable to the changer and plug the other end into the input slot on the changer. The data cable carries the power and the signal, so this will be the only connection that you will need to make.

5. Reconnect your car battery.

Tags: data cable, changer data, changer data cable, Sony Xplod, with changer, Xplod Changer, your battery

Build A Solid Wood Tv Stand

This article provides step-by-step instructions on build a simple wood TV stand, 3 feet wide and 2 feet tall, that is able to hold 3 to 4 electronic components in addition to a TV.

Instructions

Measuring and Cutting The Sections for Your TV Stand

1. First, lay out each piece of plywood and draw out the panels making up your TV stand. Start by drawing a section 3 feet long and 16 inches wide on your plywood. Two of these sections are needed for the top and bottom of the stand.

2. Draw another section measuring 2 feet 10 1/2 inches long and 16 inches wide for the middle shelf.

3. Measure out two more sections on your plywood 2 feet long and 16 inches wide for the sides of your shelf.

4. Draw out the back of your rack. This piece requires two individual sections measuring 2 feet 8 inches long and 2 feet wide, providing a space for cords to pass through.

5. Take your circular saw and cut all 6 pieces from the plywood. Sand any rough edges and stain with wood finish. Allow to dry.

Constructing Your TV Stand

6. Start by taking one of the 3-foot-long and 16-inch-wide pieces and attach both side panels to it on each end. Screw the sides so they are sitting on top of the bottom section. Use 4 screws on each end.

7. Determine the level of the middle shelf based on your preference. Take the piece for this shelf and screw it into place between the side panels. Screw from the outside of the side panels inward and use 4 screws on each side.

8. Screw the top panel onto your shelf. Drive 4 screws downward through the top on each side into the side panels.

9. Attatch the 2 panels making up the back of the rack. Take each 2-feet-8-inch wide panel and screw to each side in the back so that there is an 8-inch opening in the middle.

10. Your TV stand is now complete. The TV goes on top and the stand and any other components go on the two shelves.

Tags: side panels, each side, inches wide, long inches, long inches wide, feet inches, feet inches long

Buy The Garmin Gpsmap 60csx Handheld Gps Navigator

As portable navigation devices become ever more popular, many are looking to Garmin to provide them with their navigation gear. Garmin, a relatively new company, was established in 1989 and continues to help people get around by offering a wide range of handheld navigator devices and other navigation equipment that fits into consumers' lives. In many cases, consumers can choose to either buy Garmin products over the company site or go to an online retailer to buy a Garmin model.

Instructions

1. Visit the Garmin website to see what kind of handheld navigation devices Garmin has available for the public.

2. Click on the "Products" tab to start viewing Garmin's various models.

3. Follow this chain of product tabs. Click "On the Trail," then "All Trail Products," then "Mapping Handhelds" and then on the GPSMap 60CSx model.

4. Read the attached brief to see how the GPSMap 60CSx uses a sensitive GPS system to help navigate any kind of terrain. Use the accompanying tabs like "Specs" and "Images" to see more information about the model and assess all questions of use and compatibility.

5. When you know that you are interested in buying the GPSMap 60CSx, click on the nearby "Where to Buy" link.

6. Use the resulting image map to locate your world region so that you can view retailers who can sell the Garmin product line. For the U.S., select Zone 1.

7. Input your U.S. state abbreviation and click on the "Show Dealers for this U.S. state" button. You will see a list of retailers for your state.

8. Use the Garmin online shop. For those who want to buy direct, Garmin offers a shopping cart system for some products. Although the system does not seem to be a place to buy the actual GPSMap 60CSx model, some accessories can be purchased through the site.

Tags: GPSMap 60CSx, 60CSx model, GPSMap 60CSx model, navigation devices, your state

What Is A Good Phone For A Slingbox

The SlingPlayer Mobile software is available for many models of smartphones.

Slingbox devices are designed to take television programming and "sling" it across the Internet so that a consumer can watch his home television while not at home. The SlingPlayer Mobile software is used to access a Slingbox from a smartphone.

SlingPlayer Mobile Versions

As of 2010, there are versions of SlingPlayer Mobile for BlackBerry, iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Android, Palm, Windows Mobile, Palm OS, and Symbian smartphones. Most versions of the software is priced at $30. Only phones that use one of these operating systems can use the SlingPlayer Mobile software.

Slingbox Requirements

All phones that the SlingPlayer Mobile software can run on can connect to all models of Slingbox, except the Slingbox Classic. The Slingbox Classic, AV and Tuner models are not officially supported by the SlingPlayer Moble software; however, many users have reported they work fine with the SlingPlayer Mobile software.

Mobile Connection Speeds

In order to function well, the SlingPlayer software requires a 3G or faster connection from the wireless provider that is providing data service to the device. Some carriers in the past have restricted or prohibited the SlingPlayer Mobile software on their networks. Newer phones with 4G connections will work even better. The best performance for SlingPlayer Mobile is achieved when a smartphone with Wi-Fi capabilities is connected to a wireless access point.

Tags: SlingPlayer Mobile, Mobile software, SlingPlayer Mobile software, phones that, Slingbox Classic

Skip A Long Answering Machine Greeting

You try to call your best friend to cancel dinner tonight, but no one answers and you have to listen to three little girls do an interesting rendition of a nursery rhyme. There is a way to bypass these annoying answering machine messages and voice mails and go straight to your recording or reach an operator of a business line.

Instructions

1. Dial the desired phone number from any cell phone or land line that is not a rotary dial phone. The steps given below will not work from a rotary dial phone.

2. Be able to hear clearly and that your message will be received clearly. Try to avoid being surrounded by loud or distracting noises, and try not to use your cell phone while driving. If you must call while driving, try pulling over to the side of the road until you've completed the call.

3. Listen for the ringing to end and the voice mail message or answering machine message to begin its message. Once the greeting has started, wait a couple of seconds to ensure that instruction is not being given at the beginning of the message on bypass the greeting.

4. Follow these prompts to skip cell phone voice mail: Press "0" if you are calling an AT&T cell phone subscriber. Press "1" for a Sprint subscriber. Press the asterisk key * for Verizon subscribers. Press the number key (#) for T-Mobile subscribers. Press the asterisk key * for Cingular subscribers. If you don't know the provider, either pressing the asterisk or the number key usually work.

5. Use these prompts to skip land line or home answering machine messages: Press the asterisk * or number # key to forgo the message and began your recording. Which symbol you use will depend on the type of machine being used by the individual on the receiving end of your call.

6. Hit "0" during the greeting of a business call to skip the answering machine message and to be connected to an operator or receptionist at the company you are dialing.

Tags: answering machine, cell phone, Press asterisk, answering machine message, answering machine messages, asterisk number

Get Pictures You Took Off The Iphone

Get Pictures You Took Off the iPhone

An iPhone includes a camera, which you can use to take pictures on the go. If you have too many pictures on your device, and your iPhone is running out of memory, you can delete the ones that you no longer want and free up memory. With an iPhone, you can remove unwanted pictures easily using one of two simple ways.

Instructions

Using Your Phone

1. Turn on your phone and tap the "Photos" icon located on the main menu to launch the "Photo Albums" window.

2. Tap "Camera Roll." You should see all the pictures that you taken with your iPhone camera. Select the picture that you want to remove and tap the trash bin icon located on the bottom-right corner.

3. Tap "Delete Photo" to confirm and remove the picture from your phone. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to delete additional pictures.

Using a Computer

4. Connect your iPhone to the computer using the USB cable that comes with it and launch iTunes.

5. Click your iPhone on the left panel under "Devices" and click the "Summary" tab. Click the "Enable disk use" check box and click "Apply." Close iTunes.

6. Double-click "My Computer" if you are using Windows. You should see your iPhones icon in the window that appears. If you are using a Mac, you should see your iPhones icon on the desktop.

7. Double-click your iPhones icon. You should see a list of the pictures that you have taken with your iPhone camera. Select the pictures that you want to delete and right-click them. Click "Delete." When you finish deleting pictures, disconnect your iPhone from the computer.

Tags: your iPhone, iPhones icon, pictures that, your iPhones, your iPhones icon

Solve The Coin Puzzle In Silent Hill 2

Solve the Coin Puzzle in Silent Hill 2

The survival horror game Silent Hill 2 is filled with puzzles that can be extremely difficult to solve. As your main character explores an apartment building, he will have to puzzle out a riddle which will tell him place some coins in a specific order to unlock a door. The riddle presented is incredibly vague and hard to decipher, but if you follow these steps, you can complete the puzzle easily.

Instructions

1. Play through the game until the main character explores the Blue Creek Apartments.

2. Explore the second floor and find the three coins that bear images of an old man, a snake and a prisoner.

3. Go into the room that contains a desk with five slots for the coins and read the riddle on the side. The riddle will be different depending on what difficulty setting you chose at the beginning of the game.

4. Enter the coins in the order of old man coin, empty slot, snake coin, empty slot and then the prisoner coin if you chose the "easy" difficulty setting.

5. Enter the coins in the order of empty slot, old man coin, prisoner coin, empty slot and then snake coin if you chose the "normal" setting.

6. Enter the coins in the order of empty slot, old man coin, empty slot, snake coin and finally the prisoner coin if you chose the "hard" setting.

7. Go through the secret door that opens in the wall once you have solved the coin riddle to access the next area of the Apartments.

Tags: empty slot, coin empty, coin empty slot, coin chose, coins order, Enter coins, Enter coins order

Cool Answering Machine Ideas

Recording answering machine messages for callers to hear can be a lot of fun. Most people enjoy hearing a creative message when they dial your number and you aren't available. Put yourself in your callers' shoes. If the message is funny or witty to you, it probably will be for your callers. Try a few different answering machine ideas, and see which one allows you to hear your callers laughing or remarking about your message when they begin recording a message for you.

Play dumb

Ever heard those answering machine messages recorded by novices? Pretend you are a newbie by recording this message:

"OK! We finally got an answering machine, so let's figure out how this thing works. Hmmm, it says press the record button. I did that already. The light should be on. I don't see any light. Is this thing even working? Did you plug it in? Try pressing that other button there..." BEEP!

Laugh while they wait

You're sure to get a laugh from your callers when they hear this long message from your answering machine:

"We've received many complaints because of the length of our previous messages on our answering machine. Therefore: [begin to talk very quickly] Hi! You've reached Jim and Linda's at 555-1234. Go ahead and leave a message after the tone, followed by the pound key, the number eight, and then leave your full name and number. Then use the key pad to dial your name and press the numbers 6-3-1. Next, press the star key, set the phone down and do fourteen push-ups. Pick up the phone and restate your original message, press the pound key again and dial your phone number, area code first. Don't forget the '1' and please speak loudly. We'll call you back if you sound out of breath."

Fun and flirty

Newly married? Like to shock and stun your callers? This may be the one for you:

"Hi and thanks for calling Bob and Sue. We can't get to the phone right now because we're very busy doing something we love. You see, Bob likes doing it up and down, while Sue likes it side to side real slow-like. So go ahead and leave us a message, and when we're finished brushing our teeth, we'll call you back."

Avoid debt collectors

Tired of those frequent and annoying calls from creditors? Let your frustration shine with this message:

"I'm sorry, Jim and Mary are not here. Go ahead and leave your name and your number after the tone. And if you are calling about an outstanding debt, please leave your message before the tone. Have a nice day!"

College student

For the person who's hitting the books and booze often, this is sure to get a laugh:

"A is for academics and B is for beer. It's one of those reasons why I am not here. Leave me a message!"

Short and sweet

Catch your callers off guard by saying:

"Go ahead and leave a tone after the message. Thanks!"

Tags: your callers, ahead leave, answering machine, dial your, leave your, message when, when they

Shoot In M Mode With An Slr Digital Camera

Shoot in M Mode With an SLR Digital Camera

"M" stands for manual mode on a digital SLR camera. Manual mode allows a photographer to select her desired shutter speed and aperture rather than relying on the camera's automatic mode to choose them for her. You have full control over your exposures and, therefore, your pictures when you shoot in manual mode. You will also learn more about exposure and how pictures are made when you make more decisions yourself.

Instructions

1. Find the dial on top of your SLR camera with different modes, including "M," "A", "Av," "TV," "A-Dep" and more. Turn the dial so that the "M" aligns with the dot or arrow next to the dial. Your camera is now in manual mode.

2. Select a shutter speed by turning the camera's rotating dial, usually located on the right front of the camera just behind the shutter button. As you turn the dial, you will see the shutter speed number changing on your camera's information screen. Select a shutter speed.

3. Select an aperture by turning the same rotating dial while holding down the exposure compensation button, usually located on the back of the camera right next to the information screen. The button usually has an "Av" next to it and a "+/-" symbol. As you change the aperture setting, you will see the aperture number change on your camera's information screen.

4. Consult your camera's light meter to check the exposure with the shutter speed and aperture you have selected. The light meter usually appears on the same information screen where shutter speed and aperture numbers appear. Depress the shutter button slightly to take a light meter reading, and notice whether the bold line or arrow appears in the middle of the light meter line or on the positive (overexposed) or negative (underexposed) side. Correct your settings accordingly to achieve a good exposure.

Tags: shutter speed, information screen, light meter, your camera, manual mode, shutter speed aperture

Shoot A Movie Scene

Shooting a movie scene can be very challenging. So many things need to be taken into consideration, and shooting a poor scene can wreak havoc on the movie. Here are some basics to keep in mind when deciding direct a scene.

Instructions

1. Different directors approach rehearsals differently, but rehearsals make sure the actors know what to say and where to stand and move. Also, rehearsals make sure the cameraman knows what and shoot the scene.

2. Shot composition is crucial. There is a rule of thirds used by all directors which states the human eye is constantly trying to balance a frame. By breaking a frame into nine individual squares, like in Tic Tac Toe, and putting objects into these squares, it will create a pleasing composition that is balanced. Furthermore, avoiding the center square can result in far more pleasing compositions. Be mindful of this idea when arranging objects and actors in a scene.

3. There are three main shots that a director should know: the long shot, the medium shot, and the close-up. The long shot shows the the entire subject, the medium shot shows the subject from the waist up, and the close-up shows the subject from the shoulders up. A scene is generally shot from a long shot first, called the master shot, and gradually moves closer for the other shots.

4. A popular way to shoot a conversation is in shot-reverse. This is where one subject is shot on the far left third of the frame, looking across the frame. Then, the other person in the conversation is shot from the far right frame, looking across the frame. When edited together, it gives the illusion that the two people are speaking to each other.

5. Be careful not to shoot your subjects directly in front of a flat surface, like a wall. Film gives the illusion of three-dimensional space, so make sure the location seems three-dimensional. One popular technique is to make sure that walls behind the subjects appear to be at an angle, to provide a sense of depth to the space. Another thing to do is to put objects in the background, also to provide a sense of depth.

Tags: make sure, long shot, across frame, frame looking, frame looking across, gives illusion, looking across

Mini Spy Cameras That Use Usb Ports

Spy cameras used to be a thing of fiction that only characters like James Bond would use in high-budget action films. But now, that type of technology is available to everyone. With built-in batteries charged from a USB port, a collection of different spy cameras can capture video, audio and even still images onto an SD card or through internal memory.

Microeyes Security Camera

At the size of a ping pong ball, the Microeyes security camera is perfect for surveillance footage. The small camera is motion activated and records video at a 320 by 240 resolution. It has a direct RCA TV connection to record footage through a VCR. The camera comes with a stand or can be used in a clear plastic cube so it does not roll around. The camera requires a separate micro SD card to record footage, and it comes with the USB connect port.

Pegasus USB Spy Pen

Use a functional pen as a real working spy camera. The camera records at a 640 by 480 resolution, has 4 gigabytes of memory built in and lasts for about three hours with a full USB charge. The pen itself is black and silver with a sleek design. The pen also records JPEG pictures, and all of the files are accessed through "My Computer" when the pen is plugged into a computer.

Mega Mini Spy Camera Stick 2.0

Replicating a small USB thumb drive, the Mega Mini Spy Camera Stick 2.0, is one of the smallest USB spy cameras available. The camera features 4 GB of internal memory, an optional mini-SD expansion bay, records at 177 by 144 resolution and has an optional wireless remote.

Spy Sunglasses

Featuring a mini spy camera between the lenses, spy sunglasses are a great hands-free option to record video. Video is recorded at a 320 by 240 resolution, features 4 GB of storage and an USB cable that plugs right into the side of the glasses. The battery lasts for about five hours and is recharged through the USB port.

Tags: Camera Stick, comes with, internal memory, lasts about, Mega Mini, Mega Mini Camera, Mini Camera

Make An Oldfashioned Camera

In 1900, the average family could take pictures with a boxlike camera called the "Brownie."

A camera is basically a boxlike chamber that allows only a tiny amount of light inside at a precise time. Once the light penetrates the chamber, it can form an image. If there is photographic film inside the camera, the light will trigger a chemical reaction on the paper. In a digital camera, the light strikes a photocell to create the image. In order to make an old-fashioned camera, you need to create the chamber and also the mechanism to control when and how much light is allowed inside the chamber.

Instructions

1. Paint both the inside and the outside of the coffee can and the lid black. Allow to dry. Make sure no paint has chipped or peeled off, or light will seep into the camera and destroy the pictures.

2. Use the scissors to punch a hole in the center of the bottom of the camera. The hole should have a 1/4-inch diameter. Rotate the scissors to widen the hole.

3. Cut a square of heavy black paper that will cover the hole you made at the bottom of the can.

4. Use the needle to make a pinhole in the center of the black paper. Push the needle only halfway up the length of its shank. Rotate the needle as you push it through the paper so that the hole is round and smooth.

5. Tape the black square paper with the pinhole over the 1/4-inch hole at the inside bottom of the can. Make sure the pinhole lines up with the bigger hole so that you can see though the can.

6. Look through the back of the camera through the pinhole to make sure it is round. Aim the camera at a page with words. You should be able to see letters.

7. Cut another square of black paper that is big enough to cover the pinhole. This is your shutter. Tape the shutter over the pinhole on the outside the can. It should form a hinge that you can open and shut.

8. Put a small piece of tape on the bottom of the shutter. You should be able to tape the shutter closed after taking a picture.

9. Go to a room with a safelight or no light to load the camera with the fast photographic paper. Use a closet. Make sure lights in adjoining rooms are turned off.

10. Cut a 2 1/4-by-3 1/4-inch piece of photographic paper in the dark room. Find the side of the paper with the emulsion. It should be shiny. You can also lick your finger and touch the edge of the paper. If it is sticky, that is the emulsion.

11. Tape the four corners of the paper with the emulsion face-up to the inside of the end of the camera opposite the pinhole, which is the lid. Put the lid on the camera to close it.

12. Take your camera into a sunlit area. Find a place to put the camera that is still and fixed. Mold the clay around one side of the camera to form a base and keep the camera from moving.

13. Lift the shutter when you are ready to take a picture. Keep the pinhole uncovered for about two minutes. Unlike film, which takes one to two seconds for exposure, photographic paper takes longer because it is less sensitive to light. Cover the pinhole with the shutter after exposure.

14. Load the camera again and repeat the above step, but slightly change the exposure time. You may need experiment and vary exposure times to get the best picture.

Tags: black paper, Make sure, paper that, paper with, photographic paper

Build Your Own Softbox

Softboxes help illuminate indoor photo shoots, item photography and staged scenes.

Many small businesses have a need for quality photographs, especially those which sell items via online auctions or ecommerce websites. Hiring a photographer can be expensive, especially when new items must be photographed over an extended period of time. While photography equipment can be purchased, if the equipment is needed for online auction photographs or other small-scale projects, then it is often more economical to build portions of the equipment yourself. One piece that can be built is the softbox, a lighting shroud that helps to provide illumination while softening the effect of the light.

Instructions

1. Cut a hole in the bottom of a cardboard box large enough to accommodate your flash or other lighting device, making each side of the hole parallel with the respective side of the box. The hole should be located as close to the center of the box as possible and should be square.

2. Measure each side of the box opening, each side of the hole and the distance from each side of the box opening to the related side of the hole.

3. Measure and cut four pieces of aluminum foil. The pieces should be wide enough to cover the width of the box opening and long enough so that there is approximately an inch more foil than the distance from the opening to the opening of the hole. Tape two pieces together if a single piece isn't wide enough to cover the width of the box opening.

4. Cut the foil pieces at an angle so that one end of each piece is the width of one side of the box and the other end is the width of the corresponding side of the hole. Tape the four pieces together so that they create a funnel-like shape with one end having the dimensions of the box opening and the other end having the dimensions of the hole opening.

5. Insert the foil into the box carefully, fitting it through the hole opening in the bottom of the box. Use the foil overlap to tape the foil securely to the box, taping it at both the box opening and the hole opening.

6. Stretch a white trash bag or other thin white material over the opening of the box, and tape it in place, making sure that there are no wrinkles in the material that could create shadows.

7. Insert your flash or other lighting device into the hole. When the light is on, the aluminum foil will help magnify it to produce high-quality lighting while the white material will soften the effect to produce soft white light.

Tags: side hole, each side, hole opening, aluminum foil, cover width, cover width opening

Funai Sv2000 Dvd Recorder Instructions

The Funai SV2000 is a home DVD recorder and player. With the SV2000 you can watch DVDs as with a normal player, plus you can record programs from your television onto blank DVD discs. The SV2000 is easy to connect and use. Within minutes you can watch or record DVDs.

Configuration

Prior to using the SV2000, set the configuration menus that appear when you first run the machine. To configure the recorder, press the "Standby-On" button and change the television to the correct input channel. On many televisions, this is channel "Video 1" or "Video 2." The "Initial Setup" screen will appear on the television.

Using the up and down arrows on the remote control, highlight your language and press "OK." The next menu will have "Channel Preset" highlighted. Press "OK" to have the SV2000 store all of the available channels, which may take a few minutes.

Once the channels are set, you will be prompted to set the clock. The SV2000 can automatically set the clock by using a signal sent by the Public Broadcasting Station (PBS) in your area. To set the clock, press "OK" when "Clock Setting" is highlighted. Use the down arrow to highlight "Auto" and press "OK." The SV2000 will locate your PBS station and set the clock automatically. After the clock is set you are ready to use your recorder.

Recording

When you want to record using the SV2000, turn on the machine and open the disc tray with the "Open/Close" button. Insert a blank DVD and press the "Open/Close" button again. The recorder will check for information burned on the disc and, for some discs, format the disc for recording.

Press the "REC MODE" button on the remote control to set the recording mode. There are 6 recording mode options on the SV2000, all of which offer a different recording time. Each recording mode will display on the screen when you press the "REC MODE" button, as well as the total recording time for that mode. Note that the longer the recording time, the lower the quality of the recording.

Once the recording mode is set, change the DVD player to the channel you want to record by entering the number on the remote control. Press the "REC" button when ready to record. When finished, press the "Stop" button on the remote control. You will see "Writing to Disc" on the screen and a status bar. Do not turn off the SV2000 until all of the recording is written to the disc.

There are several additional recording methods available on the SV2000, all of which are explained in the instruction manual. To use all of the features of the recorder, review the manual. A link to a PDF version of the manual is located in the Resources section.

Playback

To playback a recorded disc, place the disc in the tray as described above. A menu with all of the titles recorded on the disc will appear after the disc loads. Navigate through the list using the arrow buttons on the remote control and press the "Play" button to begin playback. To fast forward or rewind the video during playback, press the "FWD" or "REV" buttons. If the recorded disc has chapters, press the "NEXT" or "PREV" buttons to skip through chapters during playback. Press the "Stop" button at any time to end playback.

Tags: remote control, recording mode, recorded disc, recording time, button remote, button remote control, Close button

Format A Multimedia Card

Multimedia cards (MMCs) are used for storing files on a variety of digital devices, including cameras, camcorders, voice recorders and cell phones. MMCs are popular because they are compact, and inserting the easy-to-use cards into devices is relatively straightforward. However, in some cases you'll need to format the card for your specific computer to ensure it will be compatible with your PC before you decide to use the card in a digital camera or other device.

Instructions

1. Insert the multimedia card into the SD card slot on your computer. According to Microsoft, "the secure digital (SD) electrical interface and protocol format are compatible with multimedia card (MMC) specification, including physical form factor." In other words, SD card slots can double as MMC card slots as long as your computer has the right embedded "host controller"---which Windows PCs do.

2. Click on the Windows "Start Menu."

3. Click on "Computer" in Vista or "My Computer" in XP.

4. Right-click on the MMC icon, located underneath the heading "Devices with Removable Storage," just below your primary hard drives. The card will usually be labeled with a brand name or model number, but you can expect to see "MMC" somewhere in the text next to the icon. Right-clicking will bring up a list of clickable options

5. Select "Format" or "Format Device" from the list of options available.

6. Confirm that you want to format the card for compatibility with your PC by clicking "Continue."

7. Wait while the multimedia card is formatted. This can take anywhere from several seconds to several minutes depending on the speed of your computer and the size of the MMC. A message will appear on screen letting you know when the card is finishing formatting.

Tags: your computer, card slots, compatible with, format card, multimedia card, with your

Format An Olympus 2 Gb Xd Card

Digital single-lens reflex cameras have taken over the photography industry. DSLR cameras use memory cards to store pictures, rather than film. These types of memory cards can be reused over and over again to store pictures by clearing the old pictures from the card. The best way to clear all the photos from the memory card completely is to format the card after each shoot. You can do it from any computer with an XD memory card slot or an external card reader.

Instructions

1. Insert the 2 GB XD memory card for your Olympus camera into the computer's XD card slot. If your computer does not have an XD card slot, you can use an external card reader.

2. Navigate to "My Computer" and locate the XD card's icon. If you are using a Mac, then the icon should appear on your desktop.

3. Right-click the XD card's icon and select the "Format" option. This opens the Format window.

4. Select the "Quick Format" option from the Format window and click "Start."

5. Remove the XD card from the computer after it's done formatting.

Tags: card slot, memory card, card icon, card reader, card slot external, external card

Build A Pinhole Video Camera

Professional Pinhole Video Camera and Accessories

A pinhole video camera is a homemade movie camera. Any camera is essentially a box that allows light to enter through a small hole and land on a piece of film. The hole itself is like a window, and the image outside the window is fixed on the film. In video cameras, the film moves from one frame to another to allow the recording of motion. Follow a few steps to build a pinhole video camera and start making your own movies.

Instructions

1. Bore a small hole in the center of the cover of the box. This will be the "lens" of your camera. The size of the hole should be adjusted according to the depth of the box. The shallower the box, the smaller the hole.

2. Cut a hole near one end of the top of the box. The hole should be just wide enough for the dowel. Trim the dowel to an appropriate length. The bottom of the dowel should rest on the bottom of the box. The top of the dowel should extend a couple of inches above the hole in the side. You will be unrolling your film onto the dowel by turning the dowel's exposed end.

3. Form a compartment on the side of the box opposite the dowel. Glue in upright pieces of wood or plastic to make a rectangular shape that is just large enough to contain a roll of 35 mm film. The film will sit in this compartment and be unrolled across one of the partitions. You will pull the edge of the film across to the dowel.

4. Wrap the end of the film around the dowel and roll it around until it is secure. Do not turn too much of the film around the dowel because the film you expose is useless. Place the cover back on the box. Cut a small square of paper, cardboard or plastic and place it over the hole in the front of the camera. Secure it with tape. To use your camera, open this covering and roll the film by turning the dowel.

Tags: around dowel, bottom dowel, bottom dowel should, dowel should, film around, film around dowel

Transfer Pictures From A Cell Phone To A Pc

Transferring pictures from a cell phone to a PC is a good way to maintain pictures without the possibility of losing them. Once you transfer pictures to a PC, they can be digitally enhanced, edited, printed, and safely stored to a secure database. The process itself is quite simple to complete. It can be done a couple of different ways. But each way allows you to achieve the same goal. All you need is a means of digital transportation to move the pictures.

Instructions

1. Import your pictures by syncing them. This action can be done by simply connecting the cell phone to the PC via USB sync cable. Plug the sync cable into the phone and the PC. Once the connection is detected, an "Import" window will appear in the lower right corner. Click "Import" and the pictures will be transferred automatically and saved to your hard drive.

2. Save the pictures to a memory card. Place a Micro SD memory card into your phone. Slide the memory card into the phone, and access your pictures. Press the "Options" key and opt to "Move" your pictures. There's only one place to move the pictures. Remove the card from the phone and place it in the PC. You will be prompted to "Import".

3. Upload your pictures to your online picture mail account. This is by far the easiest way to transfer them to your PC. This action can be done by just using the cell phone itself. Access your Pictures/Video folder on the cell phone. Press the "Options" key and opt to "Upload" your pictures. Check the pictures you want to upload. (You can only upload 10 at a time.) Your pictures will them be transferred to your online picture mail account.

4. Save your cell pictures to your PC's hard drive from your picture mail account. Log into your picture mail account. Locate the picture you want to save to your PC. Maximize the picture. Right-click over the picture, and select the "Save Picture As" option. Name the picture and save it to your PC.

Tags: mail account, picture mail, picture mail account, cell phone, memory card, action done, card into

Set Up The Voicemail On At&T Or Cingular

AT&T provides voice mail service for landline and mobile phone use when you are unable to answer your phone. This service allows your callers to leave a message on your phone for you to listen to as desired. Voice mail service on landline accounts requires a subscription and is assessed a monthly fee. Wireless phone customers are provided with a free voice mail box that must be set up within 45 days of service connection or the service is canceled.

Instructions

Mobile Phone

1. Press and hold the number "1" key on your mobile phone. The phone will start dialing your voice mail access number automatically.

2. Enter a new password when prompted. The password can be a combination of numbers you desire and must be at least four digits.

3. Record your greeting when prompted. The greeting is the message that callers will hear when they are connected to your voice mail. If you do not wish to record a greeting you can opt to use the standard AT&T greeting using the menu options. Press the appropriate keys to play back or save your message.

Landline Phone

4. Dial your voice mail access number provided by AT&T or 1-888-288-8893 from your landline phone.

5. Enter your temporary pin number and press "#."

6. Enter a new pin number when prompted. Your new pin password must be at least six digits in length.

7. Enter your pin to confirm.

8. Enter your "Personal authentication information" if desired. Creating personal authentication information allows you to reset your password over the phone. This step is optional.

9. Record your name announcement and voice mail greeting. Press the number "1" key to save your recording.

Tags: voice mail, your voice mail, Enter your, when prompted, your voice, access number, authentication information

Set Up The Optical Sound For A Comcast Dvr

Setting up the optical sound for a Comcast DVR is an excellent choice to get high-quality sound on your favorite television shows. If your television or stereo system has an optical audio input, the right cable is all you need to complete the process. Install the cable and you'll be enjoying your favorite programs with crystal-clear audio in no time.

Instructions

Connecting Optical Audio

1. Purchase an optical audio (TOSLINK) cable. The cable most likely will not come with your television or Comcast DVR. You can find it at major electronics retailers as well as online. Check around to find the best price; lower priced versions will work just as well as the pricier name brands.

2. Check the audio and video connection options for your television. The connections will vary by your television's model and age. Newer-model televisions with an HDMI connection can receive both audio and video connections with an HDMI cable, and you will then be able to connect the optical audio to your stereo.

3. Remove the plastic guards over the ends of the optical audio cable, if it has them.

4. Remove the plug covering your component's input or, if it has a sliding lid cover, slide it up before inserting the cable.

5. Connect the cable to your DVR. The ends are square-like but smaller on one side. Line it up so it fits correctly and push it in.

6. Connect the other end to your TV or stereo system. Turn on the components to test the audio.

7. Your stereo may have settings for both analog and digital for each input. If so, set the input for your DVR to digital. You should now have high-quality sound.

Tags: your television, audio video, high-quality sound, optical audio, optical audio

Diy Reconditioner For Nickel Cadmium Batteries

Use seven simple steps to recondition your NiCad battery.

You probably use nickel cadmium (NiCad) batteries in many of your electrical devices, although lithium-based batteries are increasingly in use due the extra power lithium batteries can produce. NiCad batteries can only be charged and discharged a certain number of times before they appear to go dead quickly. Fortunately, NiCad batteries are the easiest battery to recondition as a DIY task.

Instructions

1. Make sure your NiCad battery is fully charged, according to the battery charger display. The best way to recondition your NiCad battery is to start the process using a battery that is charged as much as possible.

2. Remove the NiCad battery from the charger as soon as it indicates it's charged. Put the battery into the electrical unit it powers immediately.

3. Turn on the device. If the NiCad battery powers a mechanical device such as a power tool, put it on the highest setting, or if it's an electronic device such as an iPod or a cell phone, open as many applications as your device allows. The reason your battery goes dead quickly and needs reconditioning is because the crystals in the battery have changed their structure over time and can no longer retain the correct amount of energy.

4. Let the device run until it stops or closes down automatically. Turn off the device and leave it for a short time. Half an hour is about right.

5. Restart your device and let it run at medium power, if it's mechanical, or open a few applications if it's electronic. Let it operate as before until you find it stops then turn it off. The process of discharging the battery in a systematic way is restructuring the crystals. They are breaking down, and the smaller the crystals become the more energy the battery can retain.

6. Repeat the process of turning it on and letting it run until it stops or turns off until you find the battery won't power the device and the motor doesn't run, or the applications don't open. Your NiCad battery is completely dead, the crystals are restructured and the battery is almost reconditioned.

7. Put your NiCad battery in the battery charger to complete the reconditioning process. Let it charge until the charger indicates the battery is full. Be prepared for it to take a lot longer than you've gotten used to. Remove the reconditioned battery from the battery charger once full. You will find that it powers your device considerably better next time you use it.

Tags: NiCad battery, battery charger, NiCad batteries, your device, your NiCad, your NiCad battery

Set Up Speed Dials For The Treo 680 Palm

The Palm Treo 680 is the fourth Treo released by Palm and is the least-expensive one of the bunch. The Treo 680 came with such features as a built-in camera, Internet and Bluetooth capabilities. In addition, users have the ability to set up speed dials on their device. Setting up a speed dial allows you to access your favorite numbers fast. There is no need to search your Treo address book, or manually enter the number. You can connect to a speed-dial number just by pressing one button.

Instructions

1. Press the "Phone" button on your Treo 680. Tap the "Favorites" tab.

2. Press the "Menu" key and locate the "Record" menu. Select the option "New Favorite."

3. Select "Lookup" if you want to add an entry for an existing contact. Select "Down" to enter the information for a new contact.

4. Press a letter on your Treo keypad to use as a quick key. A quick key will allow you to press that key to dial your contact.

5. Tap the "More" button if you want to add additional digits to your contact's phone number, such as an extension number. In addition, you can set up your phone from this menu to dial these digits automatically.

6. Tap the "OK" button to finish the set-up process.

Tags: your Treo, your contact

Use A Samsung Propel Sgha767 With An Sd Card As A Mass Storage Device Using A Usb Cable

The Samsung SGH-A767 allows users to use the phone as a mass storage device after installing the Samsung PC Studio software. Once the software is installed and the user purchases a USB data cable, the user can save files onto the micro SD card in the phone. The user can transfer music, pictures, and videos and use the card to move files from one computer to another.

Instructions

1. Download and install the latest version of Samsung PC Studio from the Samsung web page. You can find the link in the Resources section.

2. Plug the USB data cable into the data/charging port on the SGH-A767. It is located on the right edge of the phone near the bottom.

3. Plug the other end of the USB data cable into your computer.

4. Press the "Menu" key on the SGH-A767 to open the main menu then select "Settings." Click "Connectivity" and open "Select USB mode."

5. Scroll down to "Mass Storage" and click the center directional pad button or the "Select" soft key.

Tags: data cable, cable into, data cable into, Mass Storage, Samsung Studio

Disassemble A Nextel I355

The i355 is a model of cellphone manufactured by Motorola, an Illinois-based telecommunications and electronics company. The phone was available on the Nextel network in the USA before being discontinued. You might want to take apart your i355 to access the SIM card or battery, or if you want to store the phone for a prolonged period of time. The Motorola i355 can be taken apart without difficulty in just a few minutes.

Instructions

1. Press and hold the "Power" button to turn off the i355. Unplug the charger if it is connected.

2. Flip the i355 over so you can get to the battery cover.

3. Slide the battery release button downward toward the bottom of the phone. The battery release button has an arrow printed on it and is located above the battery door. Turn the small piece of plastic in front of the battery release button if you find the button locked in place. The battery cover pops open when released.

4. Lift off the battery cover to reveal the i355 battery.

5. Insert a fingernail between the battery and the edge of the phone. Gently prise out the battery.

6. Push and hold down the small plastic tab at the cut corner end of the SIM card. Carefully slide the SIM card out from under its holder.

7. Gather the i355 parts. The phone is now disassembled.

Tags: battery cover, battery release, battery release button, release button

Use The Barlow Lens With The Skywatcher Sk909az3 Refractor Telescope

A Barlow lens is used when you intend to increase the magnification power of your telescope. Named after Peter Barlow (1776-1862), a professor of mathematics at the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, England, this special lens provides relief to the human eye while viewing objects in the sky. A refractor is a device that changes the way of light beams by passing it between two transparent materials of different densities. Here is use the Barlow lens with the Sky-Watcher SK909AZ3 Refractor Telescope:

Instructions

1. Note that you can insert the Barlow Lens in two ways for better view from the telescope. The lens can be placed between the focuser and the eyepiece in a reflector or between the focuser and the diagonal. By doing so, you get greater magnification. By placing the Barlow lens between the focuser and the diagonal, the 2X lens can work as 3X.

2. Loosen the thumbscrews to insert the Barlow lens near the focuser. Fix the thumbscrews when done.

3. Use the Barlow lens by inserting it between the focuser and the diagonal of the refractor telescope. By doing so, the light beams will bend at each end due to the Barlow lens. This change makes the light rays converge at a focal point and you will be able to make the image of a distant object brighter.

4. Insert the Barlow lens between the diagonal and the eyepiece of a refractor telescope. By doing so, the light beams will bend at each end due to the Barlow lens. This change makes the light rays converge at a focal point and you will be able to make the image of a distant object brighter.

5. Refocus the telescope after adding or removing the Barlow lens.

Tags: Barlow lens, Barlow lens, between focuser, between focuser diagonal, focuser diagonal, light beams

Know Camera Lens Terms

The camera lens is the eye of the camera. The camera's shutter controls the amount of light, and the settings on the lens itself are manipulated by photographers. There are several camera lens varieties and by understanding a few basic terms a photographer can use their camera lens to the fullest.

Instructions

1. Begin with the diaphragm of a camera. The camera's diaphragm forms the aperture, which is like the pupil of an eye. Just like an eye adjusts to light, so does the camera's aperture.

2. Control the size of the aperture by setting the "F-Stop." These "F-Numbers" are in a sequence of ratios such as 1, 1.2, 2, or 2.8. A lower F-Stop allows more light to enter the lens. Each of these increasing F-Stops produces half the light exposure of the previous one. Each higher F-Stop allows half the light of the one before it and twice the exposure of the one following.

3. Buy a wide angle lens for a wider field of view. The wide angle lens has a shorter focal length.

4. Purchase a zoom lens for multiple focal lengths. A zoom lens gives a photographer a wide range of options for capturing a scene.

5. Use a telephoto lens for capturing a distant image. A telephoto lens has a longer focal length with a narrow field of view.

6. Match the focal length and exposure time--a critical part of good photography. A longer focal length requires a shorter exposure time. Use the "One Over" method for setting the exposure. If a focal length is 300mm, then an exposure of at least 1/300 second should be used. This is a very general guide and will require adjustment when using a hand-held camera.

7. Determine the film. The type of film used will be determined by the conditions as well as the type of lens being used. If a photographer is using a telephoto lens all day, she should use a fast film. If a photographer is shooting with a zoom lens and a tripod, he should use a slower film.

Tags: focal length, camera lens, telephoto lens, zoom lens, angle lens, camera camera

Format A Memory Card For A Canon Camera

One significant advantage that Canon digital cameras have over film cameras is the ability to format and reuse memory cards, rather than continuously having to buy and replace rolls of film. Memory cards can also be removed and replaced without having to worry about accidentally exposing images. Different cameras require different types of memory cards, though each type can be accessed and formatted in the same ways. Canon digital cameras are designed to allow users to access and format memory cards by connecting the device to a computer with a USB cable, or by removing the memory card from the camera and inserting it into a compatible memory card reader. Canon digital cameras also allow users to format a memory card while it is still in the camera.

Instructions

1. Determine the most appropriate method of accessing your memory card, which can be read by either plugging the digital camera directly into a computer, or by using a memory card reader. A card can also be formatted directly from the camera.

2. Format the camera's memory card, without removing it from the Canon camera, by using a USB cable to connect the camera directly to a computer. Ensure that the USB cable is compatible with both the computer and the camera by connecting one end to each device (all cables with the correct connectors are compatible).

3. Locate the camera's memory card compartment and remove the memory card, if you plan to use a card reader. Compartment locations vary, depending on the type of Canon camera. Some cameras have a separate memory card slot, while others use the same compartment for both the battery and card.

4. Ensure that the card reader is connected to your computer, and that it is functioning properly. If the device is functioning, your computer will automatically detect the memory card that is inserted into the memory card reader. An incompatible device will create an error message, or it will not detect the memory card.

5. Open the memory card's image folder on your computer. This folder will be created automatically, if there are no conflicts between your camera or card reader and your computer.

6. Format the memory card by selecting this folder (locations will vary depending on operating systems) and either deleting its full contents or select pictures.

7. Format the memory card while it is in the Canon camera by using the camera's image delete or card format options, which are located in the camera's settings menu. Many SLR cameras also have an image delete button located near the LCD screen.

Tags: memory card, card reader, memory card, your computer, Canon camera, Canon digital, Canon digital cameras

Specifications For A Vestax Pmc280 4channel Dj Mixer

The Vestax Corporation is an electronic audio equipment manufacturer from Japan. Originally founded as a guitar producer in 1977, Vestax has slowly become a name highly regarded with DJ equipment. With a full line of mixers, Vestax offers products to consumers in all price markets. Building mixers with the same attention to detail in appearance and mobility as sound quality and design, all models are built with the user in mind. The Vestax PMC 280 is no exception, and its user-friendly hardware interface gives consumers something to think about when purchasing a DJ mixer.

Inputs/Outputs

The four-channel PMC 280 mixer from Vestax has an array of input/output options on the rear interface. With two available options for master output, two sets of RCA outputs and one set of XLR outputs, this mixer is ideal for both the studio and club environment. Two separate microphone inputs are controlled by programming one or two channels on the top of the mixer. DJs and consumers might be used to individual mic controls, but the PMC 280's design remains a bit more minimalistic in its approach to knobs and switches. Phono inputs are located at channels 1 and 4, allowing for only two turntable connections. The mixer has six line inputs, with two on channels 2 and 3 and one line input on channels 1 and 4. The line input on channel 4 allows for a USB connection, which isn't included with the standard model PMC 280 but available as an optional upgrade.

Features

The Vestax PMC 280 features a full effects-control layout located at the top of the mixer. With 16 individual effects, controlled by two separate parameters for depth and dryness, each channel is assignable. Unlike most mixers with effect features, the PMC 280's channel assignment is small and can easily be missed. In addition, only one set of effects can be triggered during a given time period for users. The light-up tap effector controls the tempo of the effects and assists the sound shaping. Moving away from the effects control, the cue area for track selection is a bit different than most DJ mixers. Located above the headphone jack and cue volume control, the channel cues are all available to the far right of the mixer, unlike the standard cue selection underneath the EQ of each channel. While some users might take some time getting comfortable with the layout difference, a fifth cue button for the effector tap is also included. Each channel has a full EQ setup with trim knobs at the top and a backlit display for sound monitoring.

Appearance

The Vestax PMC 280 mixer is built with a mirrored black finish to give it a premier design. While its almost entirely black color scheme might seem a bit too much for dark lighting conditions, the light-up options and placement give the mixer a legible look even in the darkest of rooms. With dimensions of 264 mm (width)-by-105 mm (height)-by- 260 mm (depth), this four-channel effects mixer remains a mobile mixer for small setup gear heads.

Tags: built with, channels line, channels line input, each channel, line input, mixers with, most mixers

Use A Casio Exilim Camera

The Casio Exilim camera is a digital camera that is one of the lowest-priced digital cameras but still packs a punch with its 7.2 megapixels. It also received positive reviews from Let's Go Digital and Digital Camera Review. Read this elearn use a Casio Exilim camera.

Instructions

1. Lay the Casio Exilim camera on the table, lens side down.

2. Press on the battery cover (located on the bottom right of the camera), slide the cover to the right, then lift the end up and to the right, exposing the battery bay.

3. Put the battery in the bay with the printed side up. Close the lid.

4. Charge your Casio Exilim camera's battery by using the USB cradle. Plug one end of the AC charger into the USB cradle and the AC power cord into the outlet.

5. Place the camera into the cradle (the LCD screen will be facing you), and wait until the light turns green before removing the camera. A full charge for the battery takes at least two hours.

6. Press the power button that is marked ON/OFF. Press the arrows to choose the language you desire. Press SET when you are finished.

7. Choose the area where you will be using the camera by pressing arrows and press SET.

8. Hit the up and down arrows to choose the city, then press SET.

9. Use the up and down arrows to choose the time of day (EST, DST and so on).

10. Select how you wish to display the date by using the up and down arrows. Use the left and right arrows to select the time and the date.

11. Press SET, then turn off the Casio Exilim camera.

12. Purchase a memory card should you decide to have increased memory for your Casio Exilim camera. Insert the card in the slot provided beneath the battery cover. Cards can be found at any big box or camera store. Make certain the card is inserted so that the front of the card is facing up.

13. Turn on the Casio Exilim camera and press MENU.

14. Press the left and right arrows to select SET UP. Press the down arrow to select FORMAT, then press the right arrow. Press the up arrow to select FORMAT, then press SET.

15. Wait until the process is finished before proceeding. The "wait" message will disappear from the LCD screen.

16. Take a picture by pressing the camera icon on the top right of the camera. Frame the image as you wish, then press the shutter button. Keep the camera still.

17.Allow the camera to self focus by pressing the shutter button only half-way down. When you will hear two beeps, press the shutter button the rest of the way down.

18. View the images you've taken by pressing the PLAY button located next to the camera icon on the top of the camera. The PLAY icon looks like a large arrow pointing to the right. Press the left and right arrows to scroll through the images you've taken. Press the camera icon to take more pictures.

19. Shoot a movie by pressing the camera icon then pressing the record button. This is located on the far right of the camera above the arrows. Press the record button again to stop recording.

20. Load the images from your Casio Exilim camera by installing the camera's drivers, then connect the USB cable from the cradle to the USB port on your computer. Press the power button on the camera, then press MENU. Select USB on the SET UP menu, then press the right button. Press the up and down arrows to select "mass storage". Press SET. Turn the camera off, then set it on the cradle. Press the USB button, and your images will download to your computer.

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When To Replace A Bulb In A Rear Projection Tv

Rear projection television sets use a large light lamp that is placed behind the screen to light up the screen and the images on the screen. Some rear projection TVs, depending on the size, may have more than one bulb in the rear of the unit. Over time and with use these large bulbs begin to lose their brightness and eventually burn out completely.

Time Frame

The average bulb in a rear projection TV lamp will last around 5,000 to 8,000 hours. This lifespan measurement in hours is based on the number of hours that the TV is turned on and in use. For example, if the average household watches 4 hours of TV a day, that is 28 hours a week of use. The bulb in this example would last between just under 3.5 years to 5.5 years.

Effects

You can also look for the effects of a bulb that is burned out or nearing the end of its usable life. When you turn on your television, you may experience a normal warm up period. During this brief period the display may appear dim and gradually get brighter before reaching its maximum brightness based.

A bulb that is nearing the end of its lifespan may not reach the maximum brightness and the display may seem dull or dim. If the TV uses multiple lamps, one side of the screen may be dimmer than the other due to the lamp on that side wearing out.

Burned Out

A bulb that is completely burned out will cause the screen to stay completely dark, with multiple lamp TVs, one area of the screen may be extremely dim if the bulb in that area is blown out.

Considerations

User preferences vary when it comes to using a rear projection TV. Bulbs that are becoming dim due to thousands of hours of usage may not affect the viewing experience as much for some users as it does for others. If you do not usually keep your TV brightness settings high, a dying bulb causing dimness may not be an issue right away.

Extending Lifespan

You can take steps to further extend the lifespan of a light bulb in a rear projection TV to get the most hours of use out of the bulbs. You can lower the brightness settings on the television which eases the lighting burden placed on the bulbs.

You should also clean out the TV's air filters or air vents on a regular basis (per the TV's user manual) to keep the internal areas of the TV cool and clean. Heat can reduce light bulb lifespans, so you should keep the vents clean and keep the TV in a cooler room without direct light hitting the TV.

Tags: bulb that, rear projection, brightness settings, bulb rear, hours that, lamp that

Difference Between 1080i And 1080p Hdtv

High definition TVs (or HDTVs) use numbers to define their screen resolution. 1080 is the highest possible resolution as of this writing, but there is a subtle distinction between 1080p and 1080i. Those letters have a bearing on the screen's overall clarity, so it pays to know exactly what they mean before making a purchase.

The Number

The number refers to the horizontal pixels which make up the screen. An HDTV with 1080 resolution thus has 1080 horizontal pixel lines on its screen.

The "I"

The "i" after the number stands for "interlaced." That means the screen flashes back and forth between one half of the pixels and the other half: it looks like a single image to the naked eye, but is responsible for the flickering effect of many TVs.

The "P"

The "p" stands for "progressive." That means every horizontal line on the screen broadcasts at the same time for a fully integrated picture.

HDTV

Screen resolution comes into play with HDTV in particular, since shows broadcast in high definition are very sharp and clear. How sharp depends on the clarity of your TV set.

The Difference

The difference between 1080p and 1080i is small but noticeable. 1080p provides a slightly clearer image--the best on the market right now--though 1080i is usually slightly cheaper.

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Remove Red Eye In Paint

Paint is a computer program that is used for multiple different purposes. Paint can be used to edit documents, create pictures and upload and alter photographs. Photographs often get an effect in them called red eye, caused by the use of the flash from the camera. Red eye is where the people in the photograph's eyes turn out red instead of the natural color they are; this happens most often in people with light colored eyes. By uploading your pictures into paint you can get rid of red eye by using the toolbar's tools.

Instructions

1. Open up the image in the program Paint and zoom into the picture so that the eyes that have red eye are visible and are as large as possible.

2. Go to the "layers" tab and set the settings to "new raster layer." In the blend section of layers select "overlay" with your mouse, then click "OK."

3. Select the eyedropper in the tools section and select a dark color to use it with like black or dark grey. Use the eyedropper to drop a few dark colored drops into the pupil of the eye, or the center of the eye. This is typically the area of the eyes that receives most of the red eye effect.

4. Select the paint brush tool and set it to its smallest brush. You can do this by clicking on the smallest circle when the paint brush options appear. Select the color of the person in the picture's normal eye color and paint over the rest of the red eye avoiding the newly dark pupils.

5. Go to the "layers" tab again and select "merge all." This will finalize the color and image in Paint.

Tags: eyes that, paint brush