Lighting Techniques For Sculpture In Photography

Lighting a sculpture properly requires adherance to a few rules.

Like many lighting applications in photography, lighting sculptures requires the photographer to follow a few simple principles. Light is the most important technical aspect of any photograph, so knowing control light will enable you to make excellent images of sculpture, or anything else, for that matter. If you already know light portraits, you will find that many of the principles are the same.

Two-Point Lighting

When lighting a sculpture, or almost anything else, use two lights. This setup, called two-point lighting, is bound to produce the best results with the minimum of complications. It also prevents harsh shadows commonly found when using one-point lighting setups, which are especially undesirable when photographing sculpture.

Light Position

The positions of your lights is probably the most important element of lighting sculpture. In the same manner as portrait photography, you'll want each light to be positioned off your camera axis by a certain amount of degrees. To do this, draw an imaginary circle that passes through your camera lens. Then, position each light on the circle about 30 to 45 degrees away from the camera lens. This means that if two lines were drawn from the light and camera lens to the center of the imaginary circle, the angle formed would measure between 30 and 45 degrees.

Soft Lighting

In nearly all art reproduction applications, especially those involving three-dimensional objects like sculptures, the photographer will employ soft lighting. This is achieved by using lights that have been diffused in some way to soften the edges of the shadows, making them less notable to the viewer and therefore less distracting. You can do this with umbrellas, softboxes, with a homemade diffuser or by bouncing the light off of the ceiling or wall, but the goal is always the same: to soften the edges of the light and create unobtrusive, even illumination.

Hard lighting

In a few rare instances, it may be more appropriate to use hard lighting for your photographs of sculptures. This requires the use of non-diffused light, and is essentially the opposite of soft lighting. The sharp shadows produced using this technique are very dramatic but can also be very distracting. This makes light positioning even more important. You will have to adjust the position of your lights to avoid casting dark shadows across important elements of the sculpture, hiding them from view. When using this technique, also cover yourself by taking a few photographs with soft light.

Tags: camera lens, anything else, each light, imaginary circle, most important, soften edges, this technique

Types Of Video Camera Lenses

There are lenses that are permanently attached to a camera, and those that are interchangeable. The following information will give you an idea of when the interchangeable lenses are used. Whether you want to get close-up to your subject or shoot at a distance, there is a lens capable of handling the job.

Aspheric Lenses

Aspheric lenses are used to capture pictures at short distance and help to refract light.

Pinhole

Pinhole lenses are usually used for security and surveillance purposes. They conveniently fit into small tubes, holes and small places.

Closeup

These lenses are used at short distances, usually for digital video and closeups.

Wide Angle

Wide angle lenses are great for taking pictures of landscapes and other types of pictures where the subjects are more broad, such as a line of people at a reunion or football game.

Fixed Lens

A fixed lens stays on a camera, and is usually the one that is purchased with a camera for general video capture.

Tags: lenses used

Compare Prepaid Cellular Phone Rates

Prepaid cellular phone plans allow you to buy only the minutes you need without locking into long-term contracts. Prepaid phones also do not require credit checks since you pay costs upfront. Also, you cannot be charged expensive overages; when your minutes run out, the calls cease. For all those reasons, prepaid plans offer a good way to help you stay within a budget.

Instructions

1. Determine how long the plan's minutes are valid. Prepaid minutes generally expire between a month and three months after you buy them. This aspect is most important for people who will rarely use the phone, such as for emergencies.

2. Compare the cost per minute of talk time for various plans. If you expect to use the phone frequently, this is a key consideration.

3. Determine how good each provider's coverage is in the area where you will use the phone. If a provider has no coverage in an area you frequent, then having the lowest rates won't matter.

4. Compare the cost of texting or sending pictures with the phone. If you text often, this could be more important than the cost per minute of calling time.

5. Check the cost of international calling for various providers. If you call abroad, be aware how the provider treats foreign calls and avoid excessive charges.

Tags: Compare cost, cost minute, coverage area, provider coverage, provider coverage area

Renew Sirius Radio

Sirius Satellite Radio is a subscription-based satellite radio service owned by Sirius XM Radio. Sirius subscribers have 24-hour access to numerous channels of commercial-free and uncensored music, news and sports broadcasts. Renewing a Sirius subscription requires contacting Sirius directly, either online or over the phone.

Instructions

1. Go to the Sirius Satellite Radio website and sign in using the "Already a Subscriber" form. Enter your username and password. Then enter the verification code and click the "Login" button to login. Follow the on-screen menus to change or renew a Sirius subscription.

2. Visit the Sirius Satellite Radio website and click the "Help" link at the bottom of the page. Under the "Contact Us" section, click the "Email Customer Care" link. Fill out the form and state that you are inquiring about current subscription renewal rates. Click the "Submit" button to send the message. Customer Care will email you back with an answer within the next few business days.

3. Call the Sirius Customer Care line at 888-539-7474. Ask about any current deals being offered for subscription renewal.

Tags: Customer Care, Satellite Radio, Sirius Satellite, Sirius Satellite Radio, about current, Radio website, Satellite Radio website

Replace A Tivo Hard Drive

It happens to all of us--we're happily going through our lives, recording and saving television programs we've missed to our Tivos or digital video recorders, and then reality sets in. We're out of space, and our DVR is erasing programs that we want to keep "forever" to make room for new ones. Swapping out your Tivo's hard drive for one with more space is one way to delay the inevitable.

Instructions

1. Have the proper tools. Sometimes, just a Phillips-head screwdriver is all that you need, but there may be a few places where tools designed to get into tight spaces may be more useful. Many Tivo upgrade kits include all the tools you need in the package, so if you're unsure of what to use, they are the wisest choice.

2. Unplug the Tivo from the wall outlet or other power source. Open the Tivo's case by removing the four screws holding its cover in place. Once you have removed the cover, you'll see the hard drive sitting in a bracket in the lower-right corner of the unit.

3. Remove the four screws holding the bracket in place and lift it out of the unit. Be careful not to loosen or detach any wires that connect to the Tivo's main board.

4. Detach the interface cable from the left side of the hard drive, making sure it's still connected to the main board. This is a ribbon cable with a large plastic end attached to the drive. Also detach the thinner power cable from the drive.

5. Remove the screws holding the hard drive to the bracket and replace the old drive with the new one.

6. Reattach all parts and test it to make sure everything works to your satisfaction.

Tags: screws holding, cable from, drive with, four screws, four screws holding, hard drive, hard drive

Make Cds

Make CDs

It's always nice to have a CD full of your favorite tunes. You can also save data on a CD. It's not too hard to make a CD at home using your computer. As long as you have the right equipment, you can make your own CD.

Instructions

1. Know what you want on the CD. You can start by creating a list of the songs you want to hear, or a list of documents and other data to include.

2. You must transfer the music you like, to your computer in the proper format. If you have different songs on different CDs, just place the CD in the CD drive of your computer. For Windows operators, click on "My Computer." You should see an icon for the CD you just put on your computer. Right click and press "Open." You should see a list of audio tracks.

3. Right click on one of the songs you want on your CD. Press "Save" and make sure to save it someplace easy to find, such as your desktop. Repeat this process until you get all the songs you want saved on the hard drive of your computer. (If you want to create a data CD, you may want to find all the programs or documents on your computer and put them in one folder.)

4. Now, it's time to burn a CD. Open your CD burning software. Because each program is different, you may have to read the directions that come with that particular program. First, the program will ask you whether you want to burn a data or music CD. Chose the appropriate application. Usually, you can load the songs you just saved on your computer by clicking on "file," and "open."

5. Place a writable CD in the CD burner. Most burners want the CD face up (burnable side down). Once you have all the songs you want on your CD loaded into the computer program, you can burn the CD. If you have more data or songs than the CD has room for, the program will let you know. You may have to burn multiple CDs.

6. When you are done, you can place a CD label on top and label your CD with a soft magic marker. You could also create a label on your CD by purchasing a CD labeling program. Labels come with easy-to-follow instructions to make sure it goes on the CD without any bubbles or wrinkles.

7. When you are done, test your CD to make sure it burned correctly.

Tags: your computer, songs want, make sure, come with, drive your, drive your computer, label your

Remove A Car Cd Player

Sometimes, you need to remove a car CD player. Here are the items you need and the steps you should take to get the job done without damaging the player.

Instructions

Remove a Car CD Player

1. Inspect your car's CD player. It can be held in place with screws and bolts, spring-mounted clips or trim pieces alone. Screws and bolts are easy to identify. Spring-mounted clips have two adjacent "buttons" that can only be released by DIN tools. Some specialized car CD players can be held in place with plastic components.

2. Use a screwdriver to unfasten a car CD player if it is held in place by screws. Then gently pull the radio out and unplug any wires attached to the rear end of the player.

3. Apply pressure on the spring-mounted clips if your car's CD player is held in place by clips. Such a CD player can be identified by two tiny adjacent "buttons." The U-shaped DIN tool's points are designed to simultaneously press down on these buttons, releasing the CD player from its dock. Again, pull it gently out of its dock and unplug any wires attached to the rear end of the player.

4. Use your panel tool to gently pry away the plastic trim pieces if your car CD player is held in place with trim pieces. Apply light pressure and raise one side slightly before moving on to another side. Repeat the process until the trim pieces pop out of the player, and you should be able to pull it out without any problems.

Tags: held place, player held, player held place, trim pieces, your player held, held place with, place with

Troubleshoot A Sony Wega Flat Screen Tv

Troubleshoot your Sony flat screen TV.

Your Sony WEGA flat screen TV produces high-quality audio and video so you can enjoy your favorite sporting events, movies, comedy shows and games. However, like every television, there are times when you need to fix some quirks that might appear. As you learn troubleshoot a Sony WEGA flat screen TV, you can take care of minor problems on your own instead of calling in a pricey service person to fix it for you.

Instructions

Low or No Sound

1. Check to make sure the television isn't on mute and that there are no headphones connected to the television. These would both prevent audio from coming through the front speakers.

2. Test the television using another source like a cable box, DVD player or a VCR. If there's still no audio, you know it's a problem with the television. If there is audio, you know the problem isn't with your television.

3. Confirm the settings in your Sony WEGA flat screen TV's menu to make sure MTS is set to "Main" or "Stereo." Find the "Simulated" effect option in your TV menu and turn it "Off." Verify that the "Speakers" option in the menu is "On."

Flashing Standby Light

4. Turn your Sony WEGA flat screen TV off. Wait 5 minutes to allow the internal lamp to cool before you proceed.

5. Unplug the television from the electrical outlet.

6. Wait 1 minute.

7. Plug the television back into the same electrical outlet. If your television was plugged into a surge protector or a power strip, plug the television directly into the wall. If that fixes the problem, you could have issues with your power strip or surge protector.

8. Use the remote to turn the television on to test the signal.

Poor Picture Quality

9. Ensure there's no reflection or glare on the Sony WEGA flat screen TV from an external light source. Glare can make the picture seem like it's of lesser quality than it is.

10. Power off electrical devices that might cause RF (radio frequency) interference. Common devices that can affect your television's picture quality are battery-operated toys, halogen and fluorescent light bulbs and vacuum cleaners.

11. Navigate your Sony WEGA flat screen TV's menu and turn "On" the "Digital Noise Reduction (DNR)" function. Try turning "On" or "Off" the "Digital Reality Creation (DRC)" feature. You might also try to adjust the "Sharpness" of your screen to see if it improves the quality of the picture.

12. Try to plug your television into a different outlet or surge protector. That could be a sign of an outlet or surge protector that isn't producing the proper voltage.

Tags: Sony WEGA, Sony WEGA flat, WEGA flat, WEGA flat screen, flat screen

Remove The Battery From A Mio Gps

Having a mobile GPS in your car, like a Mio GPS, can be helpful, but it won't do much good without a functional battery. The battery in a Mio GPS can't be accessed via a compartment, so some disassembly of the unit is required to access and remove a nonfunctioning battery. The good news is that this can be completed in a matter of minutes.

Instructions

1. Turn off your Mio GPS and turn the unit over. Remove the two rubber pads from the bottom corners of the unit to expose two screws.

2. Use your screwdriver to remove the screws and set them aside.

3. Use your fingers to pry the back half of the case from the front. Work your way around the sides until the two halves separate. Set the back half aside.

4. Locate the square battery on top of the main circuit board. It is connected to the board via a thin cable. Remove the tape covering the cable where it connects to the circuit board.

5. Unplug the battery cable from its port on the circuit board and remove the battery itself.

Tags: circuit board, back half

Casio Scientific Calculator Instructions

Scientific calculators can calculate using exponents.

Casio manufactures electronic devices, including handheld scientific calculators. A Casio scientific calculator is designed for use in the sciences, including chemistry, biology, and physics. A scientific calculator is different from a regular calculator in many aspects, including the ability to calculate using scientific notation, logarithms, exponents, and fractions. There are a variety of different Casio scientific calculators, including the fx-82a and fx-115. Whichever calculator you choose, you should familiarize yourself with a few common functions you will need to master t0 be successful in a basic science class.

Instructions

1. Familiarize yourself with the location of the different buttons on your calculator. Each calculator has buttons in a slightly different place. For example, the EXP button used for entering exponents, is left of the "equal" sign on the fx-82A and fx-115. On the fx-115/MS, the EXP key is located at the center of the bottom row.

2. Try a calculation using the EXP key. The EXP key is used to enter an exponent. For example, instead of entering 1x10^6 on the Casio scientific calculator, enter EXP 6. Some models, like the fx-82a, require you to enter the leading 1, meaning that you would have to enter 1 EXP 6 to enter the expression.

3. Learn use logarithms on your calculator. An example of a logarithm is log sub 10. This means log sub 10 is the power of 10 of a given number. For example, the log sub 10 of 100 is 2. On some scientific calculators, like the Fx-115/MS, you have to press the LOG key before you enter the number. On other models such as the fx-82a, fx-115, and fx-450, you have to press the LOG key after entering the number.

4. Figure out change from degrees to radians on your calculator. Each calculator will differ. On the fx-450, you would press MODE and then 4 for degrees, and MODE then 5 for radians, On the fx-115/MS, press Shift, ANS (DRG), then 1 for degrees or 2 for radians.

Tags: Casio scientific, scientific calculator, your calculator, calculate using, calculator Each, calculator Each calculator, degrees radians

Become A Movie Extra Step By Step

Many actors get their start in show business as movie extras.

In the late 19th century, films were shot documentary-style and depicted people performing routine tasks. Though not labeled as such, these people were essentially the very first movie extras. As the film industry grew, so too did the need for background performers. Thousands ventured to Los Angeles as early as the 1920s to pursue their show business dreams. This tradition continues presently. Many aspiring actors work as extras to gain experience in the film industry. Productions utilize several locations for filming, eliminating the need to live in Los Angeles or New York to become an extra. However, the majority of work does exist in the major cities. Whether young or old, big or small, movies need all types of background performers.

Instructions

1. Register with a local extras casting service. Most agencies will charge a fee to include you on their roster, so be prepared to pay for this service.

2. Fill out the appropriate tax forms as instructed by your casting service. You will need to complete an I-9 form and a W-4 form to be eligible for work. These forms are typically provided by the casting service.

3. Have a photograph taken of yourself. Legitimate casting services will take the photograph for you as part of membership in their agency. This photograph is sent to casting directors who will review it and determine if you have the look they need for their films.

4. Submit yourself for work. Call your casting service on a regular basis to search for appropriate jobs. Your casting service might call you if you fit the description of a job they are seeking to fill. A casting director will hire you if he or she decides you have the appropriate look for a given film.

5. Follow the instructions from your casting service about the job for which you have been hired. You will be provided with a call time, which is the time you are due to report for work. You will also be given directions to the set and a list of wardrobe options you need to bring with you. Most extras provide their own wardrobe unless instructed otherwise.

6. Arrive at the set. Check in with your designated supervisor; this person is usually a production assistant or assistant director. When you check in you will fill out a work voucher that is collected at the end of the day. Your voucher dictates how much you will be paid.

7. Follow your supervisor's instructions about where to report next. The wardrobe department will likely be your next destination. Once you have checked in with the appropriate people and your wardrobe has been approved, you are ready to start work.

8. Follow the instructions given to you throughout the day. You will be informed of the location of the holding area where you will wait until you appear in a scene, when and where to eat lunch and when to sign out for the day.

Tags: casting service, background performers, film industry, Follow instructions, movie extras, show business, your casting

Hook Up A 4channel Amp

Installing a 4-channel amplifier into your car can be a time-consuming and sometimes confusing task. There are many wires running from the amplifier that also need to be concealed for a clean installation. This requires careful planning on the part of the do-it-yourselfer, so make sure you have a few hours to complete the task. Although the install can last hours, once you've planned out your strategy it's a simple process.

Instructions

Setting Up the Amplifier

1. Disconnect the negative terminal of the car battery for safety purposes and to prevent a short circuit.

2. Mount the amplifier in a dry area with good ventilation. The amplifier heats up during operation, so it's good to install it in a cool area such as the trunk.

3. Screw the amplifier in place to prevent it from jostling during driving by using an electric screwdriver, screwing it into the carpeting of your vehicle.

Making Speaker and RCA Connections

4. Connect new speaker wire to your speakers that you wish to power with your amplifier. Be sure to match polarities during the whole installation process by matching positive leads with positives terminals and vice versa for negatives.

5. Run the speaker wires to your amplifier and connect them to the proper channels. For instance, a front passenger speaker's wire will connect to the "Front Right" section of the amplifier. This step is important in order to achieve proper surround sound setup.

6. Connect the RCA cable to the amplifier's RCA input. It should be labeled "RCA" or something similar.

7. Pull out your car's head unit and connect the RCA cable to the head unit's proper RCA output and reinstall the head unit.

Connect the Power Wire

8. Look for a hole underneath your dashboard that leads to the engine bay. This is where you'll need to run the power wire through to the battery in order to power your amplifier. You may need to cut a hole through your firewall using an X-Acto knife in order to reach the engine bay.

9. Run the power wire through the hole and attach it to the positive lead of the battery.

10. If you're power wire's fuse isn't already attached to the wire, attach it to the power wire being sure it's as close to the battery as possible. The fuse prevents the power wire from shorting out and burning, but it doesn't protect the portion that the battery is attached to. Most power wires come in sets of three: the portion that connects to the battery (usually a few inches long), the fuse, and the portion that attached to the amplifier (usually many feet long). Attach the fuse by plugging it into the portion that connects to the battery and plugging it into the other length of the cable.

11. Connect the power wire plug-in to the amplifier. The amplifier's power input should be clearly labeled "Power" or something similar.

12. Caulk the hole you used to run the power wire through and seal it.

Ground the Amplifier

13. Connect the grounding wire to the amplifier to the input labeled "Ground."

14. Locate a stable metal fixture on your vehicle such as a nut.

15. Unscrew the nut and place the ground output underneath where the nut screws in; screw the nut over the grounding wire.

Tags: portion that, power wire, head unit, power wire, power wire through, wire through, your amplifier

Straight Vs Angled Spotting Scopes

Straight spotting scopes are best for viewing objects on the ground.

Spotting scopes are convenient for outdoor activities like bird-watching, safaris and basic astronomy. They are lightweight and portable, unlike standard telescopes. The two most common types of spotting scopes are the straight and angled models.

Dimensions and Lenses

Whether straight or angled, most spotting scopes are 300 to 400 mm in length. The lenses are typically between 60 and 88 mm in size with zoom capabilities of 25x to 32x. Different zoom lenses are available, but higher magnifications reduce the field of vision.

Straight Scopes

Straight scopes are used to observe objects that are at eye level or on the ground. They are also better suited for viewing objects from moving vehicles than angled scopes, making them ideal for use on a safari. The straight model employs two lenses that bend the light to make it visible to the human eye.

Angled Scopes

Angled scopes are especially suited to bird-watching because they are ideal for observing objects above eye level. These scopes feature an eyepiece typically configured at a 45-degree angle to the rest of the scope. For best results, use the angled scope on a tripod.

Tags: spotting scopes, straight angled, viewing objects

Grow Vegetables In Rubbermaid Containers

If you don't want to plant your vegetables in the ground, you can easily grow vegetables in Rubbermaid containers. These strong plastic containers can make an ideal home for growing vegetables, particularly for people who don't have a large yard. You can place the containers on a balcony or porch. The key to successfully planting a vegetable garden in Rubbermaid containers is to prepare the container for planting.

Instructions

1. Purchase several Rubbermaid containers for your vegetables. Rubbermaid recommends its Roughneck series of containers for gardening. Use at least a five-gallon container for large plants, such as eggplants, cucumbers, beans and tomatoes. Choose the three-gallon container for smaller plants, such as carrots, lettuce and beets.

2. Drill holes into the bottom of the containers. In plastic containers, you need holes in the bottom for the water to drain. Make the holes at least a half inch in diameter and space them evenly on the bottom of the container.

3. Line the bottom with newspaper. This prevents soil from falling through the holes.

4. Fill the container with potting soil until it is almost full. Leave about two to three inches of space to add fertilizer after you've planted the seedlings.

5. Choose the vegetables that you want to plant. Think about your family's favorite vegetables when making this decision. While zucchini is relatively easy to grow, you don't want to plant it if no one likes zucchini.

6. Start off right with vegetable seedlings rather than plant individual seeds in your Rubbermaid containers--which may or may not grow. Follow the directions for planting seedlings to know how much space to leave in between plants.

7. Add a fertilizer to the container. A good fertilizer helps your plants to grow. If you have a composter, you can use this to fertilize the vegetables.

8. Water your plants regularly. Check the soil's moisture content to see if the plants need more water. Only give water when the soil feels dry: too much water can harm your plants.

9. Follow the directions for proper sunlight. The seedlings should come with directions for how much sunlight they should receive. The advantage of using Rubbermaid containers to grow vegetables is that you can move them in and out of the sunlight. Make sure that your plants get enough--but not too much--sunlight.

Tags: your plants, Rubbermaid containers, want plant, Follow directions, plants such

Develop Color Film With Black & White Developer

It is possible to develop color film in black and white developer.

Manual processing of any type of film--color, slide or black and white--is very similar. The differences between the three are the type of chemicals that are used, the temperature at which you process them and the length of time required for each step. Processing color film with chemistry designed for black and white film is possible, but it is a trial-and-error approach. The results you will receive will not look the same as if the color film had been processed in C-41, the traditional chemistry for color development, but the results could be interesting.

Instructions

Develop Color Film with Black and White Developer

1. Load the exposed roll of color film onto the reels. Either in a changing bag or in a light-tight room remove the film from its container and begin to load it onto the reels. This step is tricky and requires it to be done in complete darkness. Practicing with an unneeded or practice roll of film in normal light is a good idea.

2. Pour developer into the tank. Depending on the size of tank and number of reels you are using, the quantity of developer and other processing chemicals will vary. For a small two-reel developing tank the capacity is approximately 20 fl. oz. Since you are processing color film--which is usually processed at a higher temperature than black and white film--you are going to need to leave the film in the developer solution for a longer period of time. If you are using a 400 ISO film speed, process the color film in the black and white developer for 12 minutes. Follow the same agitation process of constant agitation for the first 30 seconds, then for five seconds every 30 seconds. Be sure to tap the developing tank after each agitation to dislodge bubbles that may have formed on the film. When the processing time is complete, pour out and discard the developer.

3. Pour 20 fl. oz. of stop bath into the developing tanks and agitate for 30 seconds, at which point you will pour out and discard the chemical.

4. Pour 20 fl. oz. of fixing agent into the tank and agitate for 15 seconds, then let the film sit in the solution for five minutes. Pour out and discard the solution. At this point, the film is safe to be viewed under normal light.

5. Wash the film. After you have removed the lid of the tank, run the tank (with the reels still in it) under the tap for 15 minutes. Then add two drops of a wetting agent (either Photo Flo or diluted soap) and the developing process is done.

6. Take the reels out of the tank, remove the film from them and hang to dry. Allow the film to dry for a minimum of two hours, then cut the negatives into strips of five or six frames and insert into an archival storage sleeve.

Tags: color film, agitate seconds, black white, black white, color film black, Develop Color Film

What Is The Difference Between The Fuji F50 & F100

The F50 and F100 are models in the Fuji FinePix digital camera line.

The Fuji F50 and F100 are two different models in Fuji's FinePix compact digital camera line. Both models feature a compact, slim design and 12 megapixel quality. The Fuji F100 has been discontinued. The F50 is the newer model.

Focal Length

The lens of the Fuji F100 has a focal length of 6.4mm to 32mm, which is the equivalent of a focal length of 28mm to 140mm on a 35mm camera. The lens of the Fuji F50 has a focal length of 8mm to 24mm, which is an equivalent focal length of 36mm to 108mm on a 35mm camera. The F100 has a slightly wider angle of view and stronger zoom capabilities.

Aperture

The aperture range of the F100 is f/5.1 to f/9 at wide angle settings, and f/5.1 to f/11 at telephoto. The F50 has an aperture range of f/2.8 to f/8, with 1/3 stop increments. The faster f-stop of the F50 gives more options for shooting in low light situations.

Shutter Speed

The F100 has a shutter speed range of 8 seconds to 1/1500 seconds. The F50 has a shutter speed range of 3 seconds to 1/2000. The faster shutter speeds of the F50 make it a better choice for fast action shooting.

Tags: Fuji F100, focal length, 35mm camera, aperture range, camera line

Take Apart A Nextel I855

Disassemble your Nextel i855 cell phone.

The i855, a cell phone manufactured by Motorola, is primarily used on the Boost Mobile wireless network. The phone has text messaging, push-to-talk and data tethering capabilities. The i855 also features a large 176-by-220 pixel display screen, and a built-in digital camera. Taking apart your Motorola phone gives you the ability to make major repairs and do routine maintenance. Performing this procedure yourself will void your phone's service warranty.

Instructions

1. Hold down the power button for a few seconds until the phone shuts off. Close the flip screen. Place the phone face down in your palm. Remove the back battery cover, and lift the battery out of its compartment.

2. Remove all Phillips-head screws from the phone's rear housing. Pull the antenna out of its slot, and remove it from the phone. Insert a credit card into the gap along the outside edge of the rear housing. Work your way around the entire housing until back piece is completely removed. This reveals the main circuit board.

3. Unplug the visible ribbon cables from the circuit board. Loosen the Phillips-head or star screws fastening the circuit board in place. Lift the circuit board out of the phone slightly, and unplug the ribbon cables from the opposite side of the circuit board. Remove the circuit board from the phone.

4. Place the phone face up, and open the flip screen. Use a small, flat-head screwdriver to remove the rubber screw covers from the phone's face plate. Loosen the revealed Phillips-head screws, and pry the faceplate from the phone with a credit card.

5. Grasp the LCD screen, and remove it from its housing inside the phone.

Tags: circuit board, from phone, phone face, cables from, cell phone, credit card, flip screen

How Do Mini Dvds Work

Origin

Mini DVD technology, also known as compact DVD (or cDVD), was originally developed for use in hand-held video cameras to improve the cameras' portability. Mini DVD discs are only two-thirds the size of a standard DVD (80 mm vs. 120 mm) and, as a result, can only store about 1.3 gigabytes of data (or about 30 minutes of recording time). Mini DVDs store data in the same format--and players read that data using the same technology--as the full-sized versions.

Composition

DVDs are composed of several layers of polycarbonate plastic, with one layer containing a reflective sheet of aluminum. To put something on the mini DVD, the video, audio or computer data must first be converted into binary code by a computer or recording device. When the DVD is recorded (or "burned"), the DVD burner uses a laser to etch the binary data into the plastic as a series of pits--or bumps, depending on which side of the disc is being viewed--and flat areas.

Playback

When the data is burned onto a mini DVD, it can be read by any DVD player. When the disc is inserted into the player, a spindle is inserted through the middle hole of the DVD; this hole is the same size as the hole on a standard DVD, so the discs are interchangeable. The spindle then spins the disc, and a laser is focused onto the data track; the laser reflects off of the pits and the reflected light is interpreted by a processor as a re-creation of the binary code burned onto the disc. The DVD player decodes the binary language into video, audio or computer data, then feeds it to the attached computer or output device. Since the laser starts at the inside of the mini DVD and reads outward, the physical size of the disc is irrelevant as long as it can hold the intended data.

Tags: audio computer, audio computer data, binary code, burned onto, computer data, video audio

Copy Audio Cassettes To A Computer

Copying audio cassettes to a PC gives new life to old music.

Audio cassettes can weaken and become brittle with age, especially tapes that have been exposed to temperature changes. After a cassette snarls inside a tape deck, it may as well be trashed. Rather than run that risk, copying old cassettes onto a computer creates a digital copy that can later be burned to a CD or uploaded to an MP3 player or iPod. A computer with recording software and a digital soundcard is needed for this project.

Instructions

1. Connect the audio cables to the playback or audio out jacks on the back of the tape deck, using the white plug for the left audio channel and the red plug for the right.

2. Insert the plugs on the other end into the jacks on the computer's soundcard on the back of the central processing unit.

3. Double-click the name of the recording software to launch the program on the computer, then click the "File" tab and choose "New" or "New Project," depending on the software.

4. Insert a cassette in the tape deck and press the "Play" button on the front control panel.

5. Click the "Record" button on the recording software, typically the button with a red or black circle in the center.

6. Click "Stop" when finished recording, then select the "File" tab, click "Save" and type a name for the audio recording. Click "Save" to store the recording on the computer's hard drive.

Tags: recording software, tape deck

Remove A Sim Card Lock From The Palm Centro For At&T

Most GSM cellular-service providers in the United States contain a SIM lock to prevent the phone from being used on other networks. Unlocking your cell phone makes it usable with a SIM card from another provider, allowing you to switch providers without having to scrap your phone. It can reduce phone costs while travelling abroad, as you could buy a prepaid SIM from a local provider to use in your phone and not have to pay international roaming rates to your domestic carrier.

Instructions

1. Place a Subscriber Information Module, or SIM, card in the phone if it doesn't already have one.

2. Enter "*#06*" (without the quotation marks) on the phone's dialer and push the send button to display the phone's IMEI number, its unique identifier.

3. Enter the IMEI number into a website that will find your unlock code. Many sites provide unlock codes for a fee.

4. Enter "*#*#" and then your unlock code and then "#" on your phone's dialer. Press the send button.

Tags: your phone, your unlock code, IMEI number, phone dialer, send button

Compare Lithium Batteries

Batteries

A lithium battery is a rechargeable battery that works through the movement of lithium ions from negative to positive while in use and positive to negative while charging. They can be compared based on application/use, chemistry, size and shape.

Application/Use

Lithium batteries vary based on what they will be used for. A lithium battery that will be used for a toy will typically not be as expensive or have the same shelf life or size as a battery used for computers or medical devices.

Chemistry: Primary and Secondary

Lithium primary batteries are not rechargeable and are designed for years of use for low-battery replacement in items such as medical devices. Lithium secondary batteries include the rechargeable sort and are used in devices such as laptops and cellular phones.

Size and Shape

The size of the lithium battery can be either standard or specialty. Standard sizes include AAA, D, and 9V. Specialty cells include button cells and battery packs specific to a device.

Tags: lithium battery, battery that, medical devices, will used

Types Of Lighting That Cast No Shadows

Removing shadows highlights object composition, texture and color.

Three conditions are necessary for the creation of a shadow: a light source, an interrupter and a background. Any light will cast a background as long as these conditions are met. To take photos with minimal or no shadows, you must alter these factors by obstructing the light source, moving the interrupter, lighting the background and changing the camera angle.

Diffuse the Light

Minimize shadows by diffusing, or spreading out, the light. By increasing the range of a light source, you decrease its strength. Diffuse light by using lighting umbrellas and reflectors or by placing a soft box around each of your lamps. This lighting environment replicates a natural phenomenon that occurs during cloudy days. When light passes through clouds, it is diffused and redirected in angles that sunlight does not travel on sunny days. This causes more light to reach all sides of objects, decreasing shadowing.

Move the Object

When we see shadows, we are actually perceiving the absence of light on a solid surface, a background or background object. Moving the object that casts the shadow away from the background allows more light to reach the background, decreasing shadowing. Vary the distance between the subject of the photograph and the background.

Light the Background

Place objects on a light box or add additional lamps to light the background. This will minimize shadows by allowing light to penetrate the areas that are obstructed by the subject of the photo, the interrupter. Use caution when using light boxes with people and animals because these devices can get warm and cause discomfort for your subject.

Change the Angle

Change the angle of the photograph so that the shadow is not included in the frame. Shoot from a low angle, below the eye-line of the subject. Lie on the ground if taking photographs of buildings or sculptures. Place small objects on an elevated surface. This technique has the added advantage of accentuating texture and size.

Tags: light source, decreasing shadowing, light reach, more light, more light reach

Mygig Multimedia Troubleshooting

The MyGig car navigational radio's CD player may jam or radio presets may fail to save. When an external device is connected, such as an MP3 player, you may not hear any sound. Error messages, when displayed, give clues to what's going on. Determine best troubleshoot your MyGig with and without receiving a trouble prompt.

Instructions

1. Force the disc to eject if it becomes jammed. Press the "Nav" and "Seek Up/Seek Down" buttons at the same time if you have an RER model radio; press the "Audio" and the "Seek Up/Seek Down" buttons at the same time if you have an REN model radio.

2. Review the radio station saving process if presets do not save. Tune in to the AM/FM station you want to save. Press and hold down a preset soft-key on the right. Wait until the preset changes to a green color, then release it when it turns yellow.

3. Increase the volume on the radio if you cannot hear the sound from an MP3 player or other externally connected device. Gradually raise the volume on the device until you hear sound at a desired level.

4. Check for a pinched antenna cable behind the driver's side A-Pillar trim if the "Module Failure" message is displayed. The SDAR antenna may be shorted. If the message is still displayed, contact a service technician to check for a loose or bent pin at the back part of the radio.

5. Disconnect the negative battery terminal if the "Emergency Update/Error (256): failed to flash update ifs" message is displayed. Wait one hour, then reconnect the negative battery terminal to finish the software update.

6. Contact a service technician if the "Tag Not Found" or "Not applicable/NA msg" message is displayed. An internal hard disk drive failure has occurred and the radio must be replaced.

Tags: hear sound, message displayed, battery terminal, buttons same, buttons same time, Down buttons, Down buttons same

Replace Vintage Camera Light Seals

Vintage cameras often need their old foam light seals replaced.

All vintage 35mm cameras were originally equipped with foam seals to create a light-proof encasement for the film. These seals are located around several common light entry points such as the back door hinge and the edges of the door. In addition, a small foam bumper is placed above the retractable mirror on the inside of the camera body to protect the focusing screen. Over time (most cameras requiring such seals are 30 to 40 years old), the original seals can erode and become a gummy mess resulting in light leaks and ruined photographs. With a steady hand, replacing these seals is a simple task.

Instructions

Removing the Old Seals

1. Prepare your work area. You will be dealing with very small materials so make sure the area is clean, well-lit and free of any excess dirt or dust.

2. Remove the lens from the front of your camera by depressing the small tab near the mounting threads. Place the camera on its front so the back door is facing up. Open the door by pulling up on the film rewind knob, located on the top left-hand side of the camera.

3. Wrap a small wad of paper towel around a cuticle tool or toothpick and moisten it with a solvent. This will be your scraper tool that will remove all of the old gummy foam. Locate the grooves where the edges of the back door fit into the camera body when closed. Starting from one side of the camera, insert the scraper into the groove and gently push out the old foam. Scrape the entire length of the groove, adding more solvent as needed. Repeat for the other groove.

4. Replace the wad of paper towel with a fresh one and re-dampen it with solvent; use a bit more this time so that the wad is saturated. Locate the door hinge. On both or one side of the hinge you'll find patches of eroded foam seals. Touch the wad of paper towel up and down the old foam, allowing the solvent to soak in for 30 seconds. Gently scrape the seals away with your tool. Wipe the area clean with a fresh bit of paper towel dampened with solvent.

5. Turn the camera over so that it's facing up. Locate the eroded mirror bumper pad (at the edge of the milky-white focusing screen nearest the lens mount). Place a new wad of paper towel, again saturated, on your scraper tool. Using your tweezers gently pull up on one end of the foam bumper, moistening each part of it with solvent as you work. Avoid squirting solvent directly onto the bumper as it could damage the focusing screen. Also, if the bumper foam begins to crumble, tilt the camera so that the pieces do not become lodged inside the body or on the focusing screen.

6. Clean your work area of debris including old foam particles, used bits of paper towel and any spilled solvent.

Installing the New Seals

7. Cut your adhesive foam to size using scissors or a sharp hobby knife. If you use a hobby knife for more precise work, use a piece of cardboard as a cutting surface. Door hinge seals are cut from 1mm thick foam, groove seals from 2mm foam and mirror bumper from 3mm foam. As each vintage camera will have different dimensions, use yours to estimate the appropriate seal size; the fit of each seal does not have to be exactly precise.

8. Open the camera's back door. Push the long thin cuts of foam into the grooves, one strip at a time. Adhesive is not required for groove seals, so you do not have to remove the backing from the strips. Use your scraper tool to push the seal into the groove. Close the door to see that they are secure. Open the door once finished.

9. Peel the backing from the foam intended for the door hinge seals. Lick the adhesive side of the foam to allow for ease in positioning the seals. Position the foam according to the placement of the old seals. Press firmly on the foam with your fingertips while the adhesive sets.

10. Turn your camera over so that it is facing up. Peel the backing from the foam intended for the mirror bumper and pick it up with your tweezers. Lick the adhesive and, very carefully, place the bumper into position at the edge of the focusing screen. Gently press the bumper with your fingertips for 30 seconds to allow the adhesive to set.

11. Clean your work area and replace the lens on the front of your vintage camera.

Tags: paper towel, focusing screen, back door, from foam, with solvent, with your

Remove A Cd Cassette From My Bose Lifestyle

The Bose Lifestyle home audio system provides a CD drive for playing optical discs. A CD cassette adapter can be inserted into the CD slot to allow a cassette deck's audio output to be connected to the Bose. Removing a stuck CD cassette adapter is similar to removing a CD that has gotten stuck in a front-loading CD player. The procedure requires the use of a few tools most households will have on hand and does not require any electronic skills.

Instructions

1. Place the hand towel against the bottom of the front-loading slot. Tape the hand towel to the Bose with strips of masking tape.

2. Insert the tip of the plastic straw into the nipple at the end of the lubricant spray can's nozzle. Shake the can 10 times with a combined up and down and sideways motion.

3. Insert the free end of the plastic straw into the extreme left edge of the slot on the Bose. Spray a two-second burst of lubricant into the slot. Repeat this on the extreme right edge of the slot.

4. Insert the tweezers into the front loading slot at the middle point. Grip the edge of the CD cassette adapter with the tweezers. Pull the CD cassette adapter towards you until 2 or 3 inches of the edge have exited the slot.

5. Grip the edge of the CD cassette adapter with the fingers of one hand. Pull the CD cassette adapter straight out of the slot in a single motion. Remove the hand towel from beneath the slot.

Tags: cassette adapter, hand towel, adapter with, Bose Lifestyle, cassette adapter with, edge cassette, edge cassette adapter

What Are Three Ways To Charge An Object

Most objects are electrically neutral. This means that they have an equal positive and negative charge, each canceling the other out. In order to charge an object you have to alter the balance of negative and positive one way or the other. There are three ways to do this.

Methods

There are three ways to charge an object: friction, conduction and induction. Friction involves rubbing on material with another, resulting in electrons moving from one surface to another. Most people have experimented with this form of charging an object, either rubbing a balloon on a jumper to make it cling or by shuffling their feet over a carpeted surface to build up an electrical charge to shock someone. Friction is useful for charging insulators, which are materials that aren't good conductors. Conduction on the other hand is used to charge things that are good conductors, such a metal. A charged object is touched to the conductive material and some of the charge, whether it is positive or negative, will be transferred. The final way to charge an object is by induction and is, again, best for conductive materials. The uncharged conductive material is grounded on any neutrally-charged material and the charged object is held near it. The charge will flow between the two objects and the uncharged conductor will develop an opposite charge to the original charged object.

Insulators and Conductors

There are three different types of material: conductors, insulators and semi-conductors. Insulators consist of woods, rubbers and plastics, materials along which charge does not flow easily. This is why leads that plug into the wall have a rubber sheath. Conductors, such as metal, allow the charge to flow from one end to the other easily. Semi-conductors are a useful intermediate and can be manipulated using measured impurities that alter just how conductive the material is.

Measurements

The SI unit of measurement used for electrical charge are coulombs, named after French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. Charles-Augustin de Coulomb also developed Coulomb's Law which measures the electrostatic force of attraction/repulsion between two objects.

Experiments

It is easy to experiment with the process of frictional charging. Most people will already have experimented with charging a balloon by rubbing it on their jumper. Once the balloon is charged it will cling to similarly charged objects or lift someone's hair towards the charged rubber surface. Another experiment is to take a plastic pen and rub it hard with paper. Once the object is charged it can be tested using a kitchen tap since if you turn the tap on the charged pen will attract the flow of water.

Environment

Cold weather makes it easier for an object to build up an electrostatic charge. This is because cold air is drier than warm air and electricity is unable to discharge as easily.

Tags: charge object, charged object, conductive material, There three, between objects, charged will

Replace The Rear Brake Shoes On A 1996 Nissan Truck

Brake caliper bracket

The 1996 Nissan Truck comes in either a 2-wheel drive or 4-wheel drive model, both fully customizable with a variety of packages and options. All models come with all around disc brakes. Disc brakes make at home brake changes quite simple, in comparison with drum brakes. Brakes should be changed every 3 to 6 months, depending on the brand and quality of brake that you purchase. Brakes are ready to be replaced when you hear a squealing or grinding sound or when the brakes are "grabbing," or stopping jerkily.

Instructions

1. Loosen the lugs. Rotate the lugs ¾ turn counterclockwise with the tire iron. Place the wood blocks in front of the front tires.

2. Raise the truck. Place the floor jack underneath the support strut on the driver's side of the rear of the truck. Raise the truck enough to allow the wheels ample room to come off. Place the jack stands underneath the same support strut as the jack. Repeat on the opposite side of the truck.

3. Remove the tires. Remove the lug nuts completely and the tire. Set the lugs and the tire aside.

4. Remove the brake caliper mount. Remove the two bolts that hold the mount to the rotor with the socket wrench. Tie the mount to the undercarriage of the truck with the twine to prevent stress on the brake line.

5. Remove the brake pads. The brake pads slip out of the caliper mount.

6. Compress the caliper. Place the c-clamp on the caliper mounting bracket and align the main disc on the caliper in the bracket. If the clamp slips, place one of the of brake pads over the caliper to provide a larger area.

7. Install the new brakes. Place the new brake pads in the caliper mount. Make sure that the brake material on each brake is facing inward, toward the rotor.

8. Reattach the caliper mount. Bolt the mount back on with the socket wrench. Reattach the tire and the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle. Tighten the lugs.

Tags: brake pads, caliper mount, 1996 Nissan, 1996 Nissan Truck, caliper bracket

Make Slide Shows On Your Highdefinition Tv

Your HD TV is an ideal platform for showing off high-resolution photo slide shows.

The picture quality on a high-definition (HD) television makes it an ideal monitor for showing off slide shows of vacations, special events or family pictures. Using the software typically pre-installed on your PC or Mac, you can make your own professional-looking slide splay on your HD TV. Save all of your images at their highest possible quality on your computer to fully take advantage of the high-definition features once you play your slide show on the television.

Instructions

PC: High-Definition Slide Shows

1. Open Windows Movie Maker and click "Import Media." Click on your high-quality pictures and click "Import." Drag the thumbnails to the timeline and arrange them in order.

2. Click "Audio" and choose a song from your music library as a soundtrack if desired. Click "Transitions" and drag the effects you like in between the photo thumbnails.

3. Place a recordable DVD in your computer. Click "Finish Movie," then "Save to My Computer" and then click on the DVD icon. Click "Save."

4. Place the DVD in your DVD player connected to your high-definition TV and press "Play."

iMovie: High-Definition Slide Shows

5. Open iMovie and click the iPhoto tab. Drag your high-quality photos to the timeline and arrange them in order.

6. Click the "iTunes" tab and choose a song from your music library as a soundtrack if desired. Click the "Transitions" tab and drag the effects you like in between the photo thumbnails.

7. Place a recordable DVD in your computer. Click "Share" and then "iDVD." Click the iDVD icon in your Dock and select the slide show you created by title in the main menu. Next click "Burn."

8. Place the DVD in your DVD player connected to your high-definition TV and press "Play."

Tags: Slide Shows, your computer, arrange them, arrange them order, between photo

Troubleshooting A Sony 51 Projection Tv

Introduction

The Sony KP-51WS510 51-inch projection TV is designed to work in conjunction with a larger home theater system. It is capable of displaying an HD image, and its numerous outlets can handle HDMI cables, S-video cables and other high-end connections, in addition to the basic RCA cables. Troubleshooting a Sony KP-51WS510 yourself when a problem crops up could solve the issue without the need for a repairman.

Cable Connections

Power cable connections can prevent the image from being shown on the TV or the sound from coming in clearly. Check the connections at both ends of every cable and ensure that the cables are placed in their respective outlets properly.

Bad Reception

Poor reception is rarely the fault of the Sony TV itself, but rather with your antenna or cable company. Adjust the direction and angle of the antenna to improve the reception, or call your cable company and inform it of the faulty image.

TV/Video Setting

The Sony KP-51WS510 has a number of different outlets in the back, which lets you watch different components on it (DVR, DVD player). But the TV needs to be tuned to the correct outlet to receive a given signal. Otherwise, it will just show a black screen. When connecting the cables to your TV, note which one goes where: each outlet jack should be labeled with a number. You can then press the "TV/Video" button on the remote, which brings up a menu allowing you to select from all possible jacks. Choose the one that corresponds to the component you wish to use.

Poor Picture

In some cases, the picture may not appear as sharp as it could be. Fix this by adjusting the "Picture" and "Brightness" settings on the TV's menu option. The Sony KP-51WS510 also has HD capacity. If a show doesn't appear as sharp as other shows, that may be because it is being broadcast in standard definition, not HD.

Not Receiving Channels

This Sony TV has an Auto Program function in the Channel menu, which lets it skip over channels that you don't want. If you can't see a channel that you DO want, access the Auto Program function and click on that channel's setting.

Remote Control

If the remote control isn't working, it could be a question of low batteries. Replace them with fresh ones and try again. In addition, the remote has to have a direct line of sight to the sensor on the television. If a piece of furniture or other obstruction is blocking it, remove it or change your position until the remote control works.

Master Password

The password function helps keep children from accessing channels that they shouldn't, in addition to other safety features. If you ever forget it, access the Password screen on the menu and type the numbers "4357." That clears your earlier password.

Tags: Sony KP-51WS510, appear sharp, Auto Program, Auto Program function, cable company, channels that, Program function

Recycle Tv Glass In Michigan

TV glass can be melted or crushed and used for new glass or as a gravel replacement.

Television glass often has a coating, or is melded with a layer of another material, that makes it impractical for recycling with traditional glass recycling such as bottles and jars. However, Michigan has extensive recycling programs, including many that accept TVs and TV glass for recycling. There are also some stores that accept electronics if the TV is still intact.

Instructions

1. Drop off whole televisions at a retail store that accepts electronics for recycling. Retailers such as Best Buy, Dell computers and Office Depot are examples of some national brands that accept electronics, though they may only take a television if the unit is unbroken. Dell charges $10 for recycling items it did not produce.

2. Call your local recycling center for information on curbside pickup and drop off locations. For a few of the major Michigan cities, Kent County Materials Recovery Facility can be reached at (616) 336-2570, City of Ann Arbor drop off site is (734) 971-7400, and College Hunks Hauling Junk near Detroit can be telephoned at 1 (800) Junk-USA. For curbside recycling, put the TV or TV glass next to your regular recycling bin unless instructed otherwise, and it will be picked up with the recycling. Otherwise, drop off the TV or TV glass at a recycling center.

3. Call 1 (800) Clean-Up for Earth911's listings of electronics and traditional recycling centers near you if you live elsewhere in Michigan.

4. Donate working TVs to non-profits, thrift stores, and homeless shelters. Hospitals and clinics can often use even old TVs, although they often require working remotes.

Tags: glass recycling, that accept, accept electronics, recycling center, that accept electronics

Arrange A Teleconference

A teleconference involves connecting two or more people who are in different locations through the dial-up telephone lines. You can use your own phone to arrange a teleconference or you can use some type of bridging service. Bridging services provide a central telephone number that meeting participants access from their phone using a pass code number.

Instructions

Using Your Own Phone

1. Schedule a date and time for the teleconference to take place. Make all the parties involved aware of the meeting date and time. This can be accomplished through a quick email containing the meeting details or by placing a call personally to each individual person.

2. Dial the first party's number. Confirm the person's presence on the line and make sure you have a good connection.

3. Press the "CONF or CONF/TRN" key located on your telephone. Listen for a dial tone and dial the next party number.

4. Press the "CONF or CONF/TRN" key again to connect all parties. Repeat this procedure to add as many parties allowed by your telephone manufacturer.

Using Bridging Services

5. Locate a company that provides bridging services. Unlimited Conferencing and PGI are two companies that offer this service. Once you locate a company and sign up, you will be provided with your own dedicated number and access code.

6. Schedule your conference. Many platforms are provided for you to schedule your teleconference sessions. You can schedule it online on the company's website or call in to schedule it.

7. Send meeting information to all parties involved in the conference. Provide them with the dial-in number and pass code to enter into the conference session. Many companies provide a handy RSVP email invitation tool that you can can use to send to your group.

Tags: CONF CONF, date time, parties involved, party number, pass code, Press CONF, Press CONF CONF

Alpine Vs Pioneer Premier

Alpine and Pioneer are two of the key players in the car audio market. Pioneer offers the Pioneer Premier series of car audio products that are generally higher-end than its standard car audio offerings. Alpine offers a full line of car audio products, many of which align closely with Pioneer Premier series products, such as head units, speakers, subwoofers and amplifiers.

CD Head Units

Both companies offer several CD-based head units ranging in price (as of fall 2009) from just under $200 up to $600. The lower end Alpine and Pioneer Premier CD head units, the CDE-102 and DEH-P310UB respectively, retail for almost the same price and include most of the same features, such as iPod connectivity and Bluetooth functionality. The high end Pioneer Premier DEH-P800PRS offers in-depth sound shaping features in the form of a 16-band graphic EQ and an automatic EQ setting, but it also costs $150 more than the higher-end Alpine CDA-9887.

DVD and Multimedia Head Units

Alpine offers several DVD and navigation compatible head units. If you're looking for a basic multimedia head unit, Alpine has a few models that start at $550. If you want the Alpine head unit with a built-in navigation system, you will be spending quite a bit more. Pioneer Premier offers one multimedia head unit that includes navigation and all the frills for around $1,200.

Speakers

If you're looking for variety, Alpine offers many more speaker options than the Pioneer Premier series. The best comparison between Alpine and Pioneer Premier speakers is between Alpine's Type-X speakers and Pioneer's PRS series. Both offer 5.25-inch and 6.5-inch component speaker systems. There are two models of Alpine Type-X speakers, one of which is cheaper than the Pioneer PRS model and one that is more expensive. The Alpine speakers can handle a little more power than the Pioneer speakers, but otherwise the specs are very similar.

Subwoofers

Alpine and Pioneer Premier both have several subwoofer options. The Type-X Alpine subwoofers retail around $500 and can handle a peak power of 3,000 watts. The Pioneer Premier TS-W5102SPL offers twice the power rating of the Alpine Type-X subwoofer, but it also costs twice as much.

Amplifiers

Pioneer Premier offers only a few amplifier models, with one multi-channel amplifier option. Alpine has multiple multi-channel amplifiers. If you are looking for single channel amplifiers, each brand offers two models. The Alpine amplifiers are built with stackable cases, while Pioneer Premier amplifiers are built with vibration resistant H-shaped cases.

Tags: Pioneer Premier, Alpine Pioneer, Alpine Pioneer Premier, Alpine offers, Alpine Type-X, head unit

What Are The Benefits Of A Cassegrain Optics Spotting Scope

Cassegrain spotting scopes are useful for birding and astronomy.

Cassegrain telescopes, including spotting scopes, use a set of mirrors to bend light and produce a strikingly sharp image. According to Woden Optics, these types of telescopes originated in the 17th century and are still in use. Because of the unique advantages that they offer, the telescopes are popular with professional and amateur astronomers as well as bird-watchers and hunters.

Image Clarity

According to Woden Optics, coaxial reflectors of different shapes in the Cassegrain telescope bend light and project it through a tiny hole into the scope's eyepiece, rendering it in exceptional clarity. One of the mirrors in the system acts as a "glass plate supporter," which prevents distortions and refractions of the image.

Size

According to Celestron, Cassegrain telescopes and spotting scopes are in a class of optics called catadioptrics, which use a series of lenses to fold light and produce an image. According to Christophers Ltd., "The combination of lenses and mirrors in a catadioptric spotting scope folds a long focal length into a short package, giving you high visual magnification and exceptional telephoto lens performance without excessive bulk." The compact size and clarity of the image make Cassegrain spotting scopes useful for activities such as birding and hunting.

Price and Utility

According to Scope Reviews, Cassegrain spotting scopes are highly popular, less expensive than other types of optics and have a wide variety of aftermarket accessories available for customization. In addition, different models of Cassegrain spotting scopes may be connected to and directed by computer software for different tasks.

Tags: spotting scopes, Cassegrain spotting, Cassegrain spotting scopes, According Woden, According Woden Optics, bend light, Cassegrain telescopes

Make Sure Your Mobile Phone Isn'T A Spy Camera

Make Sure Your Mobile Phone Isn't a Spy Camera

The convenience of a mobile phone carries with it a problem; unscrupulous individuals strive to access the functions in order to spy on what you are saying, what you are doing and where you are. Make sure your cell phone's built-in camera is not being used to spy on you and transmit video by making a few adjustments to how the mobile phone works. The cell phone will not be harmed in any way and the minor inconveniences will be more than made up for by the peace of mind of knowing that its camera is not being used against you.

Instructions

1. Press the "Menu" button on the cell phone. Maneuver to the "Settings" screen. Select "Network" from the list of choices presented on the screen. If your phone is Wi-Fi equipped, select "Wi-Fi" from the list of connection choices. Choose "Ask to Join Network" or "Don't Join Network Automatically." Press the "Menu" or "Home" button to exit "Settings," and save your settings if prompted to do so. This will allow you to control when your phone is sending or receiving Wi-Fi data.

2. Press the "Menu" button again. Maneuver to the "Settings" screen. Navigate to "Security Password" or "Passcode Lock." Enter a password into the "Password" text field. Enter the password again in the "Verification" text field. Select the "OK" button on the pop-up window to make it go away. Press the "Menu" or "Home" button to exit "Settings."

3. Tear off a small square of masking tape. Place the masking tape over the hole on the mobile phone that the camera's lens looks through. Smooth the masking tape down with your finger. Remove the masking tape when you want to use the camera on the cell phone; replace the masking tape when you are not using the camera on the cell phone.

Tags: cell phone, masking tape, Press Menu, being used, button exit

Use The 1635mm F/2 8l Lens

The Canon EF 16-35mm f/2.8 L II USM is a professional SLR lens designed to fit Canon EOS camera bodies. The lens has a maximum aperture of f/2.8 at all zoom ranges, allowing for heavy background blur and high performance in low-light settings. The 16-35mm zoom range of the lens make it ideal for super-wide angle shots. Learning to use the Canon 16-35 mm lens is easy and can be learned is a few simple steps

Instructions

1. Ensure that the Canon 16-35mm lens will mount to the camera body you are using. The lens will fit on any Canon EOS bodies, but if you plan on using the lens on another type of camera, make sure the proper adapter is available and be prepared for some features of the lens not to work on another brand's camera body.

2. Mount the lens onto your camera body by lining up the red dot on the back of the Canon 16-35mm with the red dot on the camera's body's mounting plate. Turn the lens clockwise until you hear a clicking noise, signaling that the lens is securely mounted.

3. Compose your picture by finding a preferred vantage point. Zoom the lens in and out by turning the zoom ring on the camera. Toggle your camera's exposure settings to your preference. If you are shooting in low light, set the aperture to the widest setting on the lens -- f/2.8. If you want to have most of your picture composition in focus, set the aperture to a smaller setting like f/22. You may need a tripod for smaller aperture settings, depending on how much light there is in your shooting environment.

4. Decide whether you want the lens to automatically focus or if you want to manually adjust it yourself. For auto focus mode, set the switch on the lens to "AF." To focus manually, set the switch to "MF." Press the shutter release halfway to focus in automatic focus mode. Adjust the focus ring on the lens to focus in manual mode

5. Press the shutter release all the way to take the picture.

Tags: camera body, Canon 16-35mm, focus mode, lens focus, lens will, Press shutter

Sync The Motorola Razr With Your Pc Calendar

Protect yourself from unwanted data loss and wasted time by making a copy of your events and scheduling information that you keep on your phone. When you sync the Motorola Razr with your PC calendar, you'll have a backup that can be a real lifesaver in unforeseen circumstances. Follow these steps to learn make it a regular routine.

Instructions

1. Install the sync software. Ask your phone provider for recommended software brands.

2. Connect your phone to your computer, open the syncing software program and click "Add Device." When your phone's model is detected, click on the icon representing your phone.

3. Add your phone as a "New Device." Make sure that your computer has properly recognized your Motorola Razr.

4. Download your phone's calendar events. Normally, this is done by the system automatically. However, you may also want to manage your files manually by clicking the specified calendar events you'd like to sync.

5. Choose to manually sync your cell phone. Otherwise, the cell phone syncing software will automatically sync your Motorola Razr each time you hook it up to your computer.

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Upload Photos From A Sandisk

SanDisk produces a variety of flash memory products. Portable devices like secure digital (SD) cards, compact flash (CF) cards and flash USB drives make storing data easy and transferring information convenient. Uploading photos from a SanDisk device is simple. If your computer is not equipped with a memory card slot, you'll need an external card reader to upload photos from a SanDisk card.

Instructions

SanDisk Card

1. Connect the card reader to your computer if your PC isn't equipped with an appropriate card slot. Plug the corresponding end of the USB cable into the card reader; then plug the other end into a USB port on your computer.

2. Insert the SanDisk into your computer. If your computer doesn't have a card slot, insert the SanDisk into your card reader.

3. Wait as your PC detects the SanDisk card. A Removable Disk dialogue box will open with a list of options. Browse the list and select the option you want to perform. Windows will execute the task you select.

4. Click Start on the task bar if the Removable Device dialogue box doesn't open. Open My Computer. Select your SanDisk card from the list of available devices and double click the icon to view its contents. A new window will open showing you the files on your card. Double click the picture file to open it in your default picture viewer or drag and drop the file to the desktop.

USB

5. Insert your SanDisk USB flash drive into an available USB port on your computer.

6. Wait as your computer detects the SanDisk flash drive. A Removable Disk dialogue box will open with a list of options. Browse the list and select the option you want to perform. Windows will execute the task you select.

7. Click the Start on your task bar if the Removable Device dialogue box doesn't appear. Open My Computer. Select your SanDisk flash drive from the list of available devices and double click then icon to view its contents. Double click the picture file to open it in your default picture viewer or drag and drop the file to the desktop.

Tags: your computer, card reader, card slot, flash drive, SanDisk flash, SanDisk flash drive, will open