With all the different pictures, games and videos, it is very easy to run low on memory on your HP iPAQ. You may not even notice until you try to upload something and are given an error message telling you there is not enough memory to run the application. Follow these steps to increase the memory in an HP iPAQ.
Instructions
1. Go to the Memory Control Panel on your iPAQ. Move the slider either left or right to allocate memory either to Storage or Programs.
2. Move your audio and video files to a memory card (SD, CF or MMC). Depending on how many files you have, this could free up a decent amount of space.
3. Games take up a lot of memory. Putting them on a memory card will increase the available memory on you HP iPAQ.
4. Put all your pictures on memory cards. This will clear up storage space and increase memory.
5. Put applications you do not use very often on memory cards. They take up a lot of memory and this will increase memory on your HP iPAQ.
6. Store your databases on memory cards. This will increase memory and make them easy to transfer.
Tags: increase memory, memory cards, will increase, your iPAQ, cards This, cards This will
Windows Media Player is set as the default media program for Windows 7 installations. If you double-click a file on the computer and Windows Media Player is capable of playing that file, the file will open in Windows Media Player. This action also occurs with files stored on external media such as a flash drive. If you have iTunes installed, you can configure Windows 7 so that compatible files from the flash drive will open in iTunes and not Windows Media Player.
Instructions
1. Click "Start," then click "Default Programs."
2. Click "Set your default programs" from the center section of the Default Programs window.
3. Click "iTunes" in the "Programs" column on the left side of the Set Default Programs window.
4. Click "Set this program as default" at the bottom of the window, then click "OK."
5. Connect the flash drive to a USB port on the computer.
6. Click "Open folder to view files" in the "AutoPlay" pop-up window. If you have disabled AutoPlay, click "Start," then "Computer" and double-click the flash drive icon.
7. Double-click a media file on the flash drive to open it in iTunes.
Tags: flash drive, Media Player, Windows Media, Windows Media Player, Default Programs, Default Programs window, open iTunes
Automated phone systems are used by many companies in order to increase their overall efficiency and save costs. These systems use interactive voice response (IVR) technology designed to route customers through a series of phone menus and voice prompts; often leading to lengthy wait times for the caller. The following tips may help to bypass these prompts and save some time.
Instructions
1. Enter "0." You may be able to beat the automated phone system by doing this as soon as you begin to hear the phone menu. If nothing happens or if the menu starts over again, enter "0" twice. It's simple, but can be effective, depending on the phone system.
2. Give it the silent treatment. By simply not speaking or entering any numbers, the system may be designed to conclude that you are calling from a rotary phone. If this is the case, the system will automatically route you to the next available operator, thereby greatly reducing your wait time.
3. Be incoherent. If the system is not able recognize key words or if you mumble, the result may actually be quicker service.
4. Stay busy. If you've tried everything you can think of and still can't get in touch with a live person, increase your own efficiency by reading mail or catching up on paperwork while you wait. Chances are the time will go by much faster and you'll have less to do later on.
5. Go online. In addition to increasing their use of automated phone systems, many companies are now turning toward the internet. By visiting the company's website, you can check accounts, pay bills, or even have your questions answered online.
Secure Digital (SD) memory cards are stamp-sized storage devices used in digital cameras, cellphones and other portable devices. They contain built-in copyright protection that prevents devices that do not follow the standards set by the SD Association from reading or writing to the memory cards. There are several SD card formats that differ in capacity, purpose and bus-interface speed, but all follow the same physical dimension standards.
Physical Dimensions
SD memory cards are available in three sizes: standard (32 mm by 24 mm by 2.1mm), miniSD (21.5 mm by 20 mm by 1.4 mm) and microSD (15 mm by 11 mm by 1.0mm). The standard and miniSD sizes are meant for digital cameras and camcorders while microSD is meant for cellphones. A device built for standard-size SD cards can still read minSD and microSD cards with an adapter. However, there are no adapters for larger cards into small slots.
Bus-Interface Speed
The bus-interface speed of a SD card defines the minimum speed at which data is transferred between the device and the card. The SD Association has set two transfer speed categories: Speed Class and Ultra High Speed (UHS). Speed Class is further defined into Class 2 for SD video recording, Class 4 and 6 for HD recording and Class 10 for HD recording using a high speed bus-interface. UHS Class 1 allows for greater performance in capturing large-sized HD video.
SD Cards by Capacity and Bus-Interface Speed
The standard SD card format supports capacities of up to 2 GB and bus-interface speeds of Classes 2, 4, 6 and 10. SD High Capacity (SDHC) cards have capacities of between 4 GB and 32 GB and are available in Classes 4, 6, 10 and UHS Class 1 bus-interface speeds. The SD Extended Capacity (SDXC) standard allows for capacities of between 32 GB and 2 TB and has bus-interface speeds of Class 10 and UHS Class 1.
Backward-Compatibility
A standard SD card can be read by a device rated for SDXC, but a SDXC card cannot be used by a device rated for standard SD. Only devices rated for the higher-capacity cards can use them. On the other hand, bus-interface speed has little bearing on compatibility. A Class 8 SDHC card and a Class 10 SDHC card will work in the same device. For the best performance, use the most advanced SD card a device is rated for.
A soft, lint-free cloth can remove dust from the focus screen.
The Canon EOS Rebel XTI digital camera has a focus screen that can be used to frame shots when the LCD monitor screen is not being used. The focus screen is the part of the viewfinder that helps the user focus on the image being photographed. The focus screen can accumulate dust over time. Canon recommends using a blower or compressed air to clean the focus screen when possible. Additional steps can be taken to clean the focus screen if needed.
Instructions
1. Hold the compressed air about 6 inches away from the camera. Spray the compressed air on the focus screen, moving the can back and forth constantly.
2. Wipe any remaining dust off the focus screen with a soft, lint-free cloth. Use gentle horizontal strokes.
3. Apply one or two drops of clean water to the lint-free cloth. Wipe the focus screen with horizontal strokes to remove the last of the dust particles and any fingerprints or smudges.
Ringback tones are slowly replacing the typical ringtone heard when someone calls a cell phone. Ringback tones are recordings of different musical artists, or recorded phrases, that play back to a caller instead of the regular ringing sound usually heard. Cell phone owners are able to customize their general ringback tone to whatever style of music they like, or assign specific ringback tones to individual callers.
How are They Purchased?
Ringback tones can be purchased either by visiting your cell phone provider's Website and purchasing them directly, or by texting a ringback tone short code on the phone itself. Once the tone has been purchased, it is added to the ringback tones section of your cell phone. This is where you can then customize who will hear it when they call you. Ringback tones are only purchasable for phones and service providers who can support and offer the service.
How It Works
A general ringback tone is a tone that is heard by anyone that calls your phone. With a general ringback tone, when the call is transferred to your cell phone provider's cell tower, the tower can then recognize that the call is going to a phone that has a ringback assigned to it, and automatically plays the assigned ringback tone for the caller to listen to. A specified ringback tone is one that differs depending on who is calling. In this case the cell phone recognizes the number that is calling and automatically plays the appropriate song back to the caller.
Customization
The great feature with ringback tones is the level of customization available to the cell phone owner. Ringback tones allow you to download your favorite artists, songs and sounds to your phone that best fit your personality. You can then decide to offer a general ringback tone to anyone that calls your phone to listen to before you pick it up, or you can assign different specific ringback tones to each individual on your contact list.
For Business
Ringback tones are becoming increasingly popular for businesses to help promote their products and services. A business owner can easily program their phone using caller ringback tones. This allows the business owner to play a recorded advertisement message to the customers as they wait for someone to pick up the line.
Tags: ringback tone, cell phone, general ringback, general ringback tone, Ringback tones, your cell
Powerpoint presentations are a popular use of multimedia projectors.
There are dozens of models of multimedia projectors in use in the offices and classrooms of the United States, showing multimedia presentations and PowerPoint slide shows. These presentations are quickly replacing the use of overhead projectors and their transparency sheets, but the introduction of this more advanced technology does tend to mean there's more that can go wrong. Thankfully, most of the issues that come up with the use of multimedia projectors result from incorrect setup or configuration. If your projector is being uncooperative, there's a good chance one of the following items will get it back on the straight and narrow.
Instructions
1. Check if the lens cap is still on. Often, what seems to be a broken or poorly focused projector is just a case of user absentmindedness.
2. Check the projector's power switch. Some models have a power button on their control panel, and another power switch on the rear of the unit.
3. Check both ends of any power cables and video cables connected to the projector, including power cables. Disconnect, then firmly reconnect any loose connections.
4. Set the projector to the correct video source. Most projectors have a "Source" button that cycles through available inputs.
5. Check the resolution your computer's video output is set to. Make sure it isn't set higher than the projector is capable of displaying. Your projector should be able to display resolutions of at least 640 by 480, so start there, and work your way up.
6. Adjust the projector's video settings if you're getting a blurry, poorly colored or dark image. Play with the focus ring on the lens assembly to focus the image, and adjust the brightness, color, contrast and saturation settings to fix the brightness or color.
7. Reposition the projector closer to the screen, and make sure the front of the projector is parallel to the screen. Dim images may also result from setting the projector too far from the screen. Off-angle projectors will also produce a distorted image.
8. Check how many hours the projector's lamp has logged. Old lamps produce dimmer, less vibrant images.
9. Swap out the video and power cables connected to the projector one at a time. If none of the above steps fixes your problem, you may have faulty cables.
Tags: multimedia projectors, power cables, brightness color, cables connected, cables connected projector, connected projector, power switch
The TomTom One V3 GPS Navigator is a pocket-sized GPS system designed for use in cars. This system features a full-color touch screen, Bluetooth connectivity, SD card input for expandable memory and a map of the entire United States. Although this GPS system may seem difficult to navigate, there are several tips to be aware of when trying to get the most out of your TomTom One V3.
Keyboard Preferences
The TomTom One V3 GPS Navigator features a touch-screen keyboard that fits across the entire width of the touch screen. This keyboard is set up in the traditional QWERTY keyboard setup that is the same as the design for standard laptop keyboards and smart phones. Although this design is encountered with most electronic devices, it does not work for everyone while driving. Fortunately, TomTom has provided several keyboard layout preferences to customize your typing experience. Find the keyboard preference you want by selecting "Change Preferences" and then "Keyboard Preferences." From here select QWERTY Typewriter, Text and Numbers (a smaller QWERTY version), Alphabetic ABCD or the French AZERTY layout.
Disabling Bluetooth
The TomTom One V3 also includes a Bluetooth transmitter that can sync to your smart phone, enabling hands-free telephone use. Although this feature is valuable when driving, the Bluetooth radio requires a great deal of energy to operate continuously and will drain the battery significantly when not plugged into a power source. Maximize your battery life by turning this feature off when not in use. Disable the Bluetooth by selecting "Preferences" and then "Disable Bluetooth." Disabling the Bluetooth is also necessary when using the TomTom in a plane, a hospital or other places where radio signals can interfere with the functions of important equipment.
Voice
The TomTom One V3 is a text-to-speech talking GPS system that explains your directions to you while driving. This lets you keep your eyes on the road, but can be disturbing if the GPS voice sounds angry, nasal or otherwise annoying. Because of this, TomTom has included a number of voice choices for each language included on the device. There are both male and female voice options and several volume options available. Change the voice by selecting "Preferences" and "Change Voice." In the "Change Voice" menu, navigate to the voice you desire and select "Test" to hear a sample. Once the desired voice has been found, press "Select" to finalize your choice.
Tags: Although this, Disable Bluetooth, Disabling Bluetooth, Keyboard Preferences, Preferences then, selecting Preferences, this feature
With the progression of the Internet, it is now easier than ever to sell event photos.
Selling photographs is a popular way to earn extra cash. Professional photographer Lisa Bettany explains that "most photographers start their photographic journey taking photos at special events" and that capturing "spontaneous moments of these events is something all photographers [should] aim to do." Whether you are new to the photography world or a well-experienced expert, selling event photos can help launch or expand your career.
Instructions
Photograph The Event
1. Photograph event-specific objects, people or locations. Take high-quality photos of objects that relate to the event, such as a banner with people below it. You should also take photographs of the location from both inside and outside.
2. Take generic photos at the event that can be used for a broad range of uses. Take photos of people eating, taking, singing or dancing. Close-ups work well for these types of images and are valued by designers and website owners for their generic functionality.
3. Edit the pictures you have captured using photo editing software. Enhance the brightness, contrast, color and size of the images to make each look better. Crop out any excess background or subject matter than does not compliment the image.
Sell The Pictures
4. Sign up for an account on a Stock Photography website. Visit a website like iStockPhoto.com and register for an account. (see Resources) Agree to the terms and verify your email.
5. Submit your best photos to the website. Browse through the edited event-specific and generic photographs that you captured and submit the best ones you have. Tag and categorize each as appropriate, making sure event-specific images have specific tags that relate to the location or people, and that generic photographs have broad tags.
6. Set the rights to your photos. For each image, set whether you want the photo to be a stock image or an exclusive image. More people will purchase a stock image, but exclusive images often pay more per download.
Smooth-bore cannons have been in use since at least the early 1300s and are believed to have been invented in Europe, although some histories state that hand-cannons were used in 1260 at the Battle of Ain Jalut in the Middle East. Contrary to popular belief, the Chinese invented gunpowder, not smooth-bore cannons, about 800. With the invention of rifled cannon, the smooth-bore cannon lost its ascendancy on the battlefield, but it still has many advantages for modern military applications.
Projectile Shape
Smooth-bore cannons can fire sphere-shaped cannonballs.
A smooth-bore cannon barrel has no rifling -- spiral grooves lining the inside of a gun barrel. The rifling process imparts spin to a projectile, increasing range and accuracy. Projectiles fired from a smooth-bore cannon must have a stable shape, such as the sphere shape of pre-modern cannonballs or the fin shape of mortar rounds.
Canister Rounds
Civil War-era smooth-bore cannon
During the American Revolution and Civil War, smooth-bore cannons were highly effective in employing canister rounds, which were thin-skinned metal projectiles full of small, lead bullets. Canister rounds essentially turned cannons into giant shotguns. Smooth-bore cannons were also prevalent on Civil War battlefields because they were less expensive and easier to produce than the more rare rifled cannons.
Less Gunpowder, Longer Life for Anti-Tank Guns
Modern smooth-bore anti-tank guns
Smooth-bore cannons are still in use in modern weapon systems, particularly as anti-tank guns. Because modern tanks have much thicker armor than their W.W. I and W.W. II counterparts, rifled projectiles must have increased muzzle velocity with a larger charge in order to penetrate the armor. This leads to the use of massive amounts of gunpowder, which ruins the cannon barrel much more quickly than otherwise. Smooth-bore cannons, however, require a much smaller amount of powder to achieve the same velocity, and the barrels are not ruined nearly as quickly. Fins and electronic fire-control systems increase modern smooth-bore accuracy.
Portability and Simplicity of Mortars
Modern smooth-bore mortar
Modern mortars are also smooth-bore weapons and function as smaller cannons that a single soldier can carry and set up. They have the advantage of being portable and simple to fire; the soldier needs only to adjust the angle of the mortar tube and drop the projectile down the smooth bore of the barrel. Mortars' basic design hasn't changed since W.W. I, although larger mortars were used as far back as the Civil War. A mortar fires a low-velocity, short-range finned projectile, and they are often used in closeup, small-unit action.
Large-Area Dispersement for Shotguns
Modern shotguns have a smooth bore.
Some modern personal smooth-bore weapons also have advantages over their rifled counterparts. The shotgun is a smooth-bore, hand-held weapon that fires a load of small, individual pellets that disperse over a large area due to the lack of rifling in the gun barrel. The effect is very similar to that of a canister round.
Tags: smooth-bore cannon, barrel rifling, cannon barrel, cannons were, have been
Making your own security camera cable allows you to use the right length of cable for the job without having to get extensions or have loose cable around. Most store-bought cables also don't have the same insulation that homemade cables have, so you will be getting a higher quality cable for less money.
Instructions
Make a Security Camera Cable
1. Cut the end of the CCTV cable so that it is flat. Identify the two segments of the wire: the power cable and the video cable. The power cable is the smaller section and the video is the flatter, wider section. Use the wire cutters to cut the plastic connecting the two sections to separate the two segments so you are only working with the video cable.
2. Place the crimper over the end of the video cable and press firmly down to tightly grip the cable. Place your finger in the crimper finger socket to turn the crimper around the cable several times through the plastic coating.
3. Pull the crimper away from the cord to pull the plastic coating away from the wire, exposing about an inch of video coaxial wire.
4. Pull the wires that sit around the center rod back. The copper rod sits in the center of the coaxial cable and is thicker than the thin wires surrounding it. You should see the copper rod tip with white insulation with the copper wires pulled back over the black plastic coating.
5. Place the rod into the compression end so that rod fits into the hole in the center of the compression end. Push the compression end up the cable by twisting it in place.
6. Place the compression end with the wire and place it into the compression tool to firmly secure it in place. This end is complete and ready to install into the camera.
7. Measure the length of coaxial cord required and cut the other end with the wire cutters.
8. Repeat Steps 1 through 6 to complete this end.
9. Plug in the components and test the unit.
Tags: plastic coating, video cable, away from, cable Place, Camera Cable, into compression
If you created a PowerPoint presentation using a complex, custom background, you can save time by copying the background to your next presentation. Doing so also allows you to reuse backgrounds based on image files you no longer have. PowerPoint includes a Reuse Slides feature that imports all or selected themes from another presentation into the current presentation. This allows you to apply the other presentation's background to any slide in the new presentation. (Note that the instructions below are for PowerPoint 2010.)
Instructions
1. Open your new presentation in PowerPoint.
2. Click "New Slide" from the Home tab's Slides group and select "Reuse Slides."
3. Click "Browse" in the Reuse Slides panel and select "Browse Files." Double-click the PowerPoint presentation that contains the background you wish to copy.
4. Check "Keep Source Formatting" and click the slide that contains the background you want.
5. Click the left-hand slide preview to which you wish to apply the background. To apply the background to multiple slides, hold the "Ctrl" key and click each slide, or click one file and press "Ctrl-A" to select them all.
6. Right-click any selected slide, point to "Layout," and click the slide preview containing the background. Doing so applies the background to each selected slide.
7. Click the last slide in the presentation, which should be the one copied from the original presentation, and press "Delete" to remove it. This removes the copied slide but retains the theme on the other slides.
In photography, ISO refers to the level of sensitivity film or a digital sensor has to light. Generally speaking, the more sensitive your camera is to light, the lower the resolution will be due to the appearance of digital noise, also known as "grain."
ISO
ISO numbers are measured in hundreds, ranging from 100 to 3200 or higher. The lower the number, the less sensitive your camera is to light. The higher the number, the more sensitive it will be, meaning you can take pictures in lower light situations.
Resolution
Resolution refers to the number of pixels per inch (PPI) in the finished image. While the total pixel count for an image cannot be changed, the PPI, or resolution, can. The more PPI, the higher the resolution and quality of the photo, while less PPI will result in a grainy, lower quality image.
The Connection
While photographers don't use the term "ISO resolution," ISO settings can affect the final quality of an image; the higher the ISO, the more noise and lower quality. Additionally, the resolution of an image can be adjusted in photo processing software, making even low ISO images look grainy and of low quality.
Tags: your camera light, camera light, lower quality, more sensitive, quality image, sensitive your
Cartoon characters, bling-bling or even crochet-there are many iPod skins out there for sale in just about any design you can imagine. The prices for skins can range from $3 and up! With a little bit of effort, making a skin can be a a great project and create a conversation starter as well.
Instructions
1. Visit a car graphics shop. The same material used for decals and decorations will work for an iPod skin as well.
2. Make a screen protector before the rest of the skin, if you want one. Place the vinyl over the iPod screen. Mark each corner on the vinyl with a thin-point marker. Peel off the adhesive and put it on the screen.
3. Repeat the same process with the colored vinyl to make the back. Peel the vinyl from its backing and heat it slightly with a hair dryer.
4. Stretch the vinyl carefully over the iPod back. It is a good idea to bring some excess up over the sides to get a tight fit. Carefully trim the edges.
5. Measure what you will need for the front of the iPod. In this step, there is no heat used. Carefully cut the hole for the screen. This is important, whether a screen protector is part of the design or not!
6. Use manicure scissors or a small blade to cut a hole for the earphone plug. You will need to make a place for the Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector outlet at the bottom, and for the hold button on the top.
Confusion over cable TV boxes has always been a source of frustration for cable TV watchers, as they try to decide what they need, what they want and what they can live without. If you ask a cable TV representative, he will tell you that you need the most expensive thing on the market. How do you know you need an HD DVR when you don't even know what the letters stand for? It's important to be armed with knowledge before you settle on one particular cable TV box.
Cable Boxes and the Digital Transition
Despite the digital transition, you will still be able to run your television without a cable box on some cable systems. Only the cable systems that are going 100-percent digital will require you to have a cable box. If your system is not 100-percent digital, you will not need a cable box until the system does go 100-percent digital. Call your cable company and ask them if and when they plan on being 100-percent digital.
Standard Cable Box
If you've had cable since before HD and probably since the late 1990s, you've seen a Standard Cable Box. They tend to be small, black and have fairly limited options. They display a two-digit channel on the front. They connect to your television and you set your TV to channel 3 or 4 to see the picture from them. Their initial use was to allow you to have cable on "non-cable ready televisions," which they stopped making in the mid '90s. They stayed around to allow access to subscription channels like HBO and Showtime, and allow you to call in for Pay Per View movies. These boxes act as digital converters, and allow you a digital signal.
High-Definition Cable Boxes
High-Definition Cable Boxes came about a few years ago and act similar to Standard Cable Boxes. The difference is that, in addition to acting as a digital converter and allowing you access to subscription channels, it also acts as a high-definition converter, allowing that crystal clear television picture that's on your TV screen.
Digital Video Recorder
If you don't know what a Digital Video Recorder is, you've probably never heard of TiVO or DVR. These DVRs can be rented from the cable company and come with the standard set of features, including digital conversion and access to subscription services. It also allows you to record shows with the click of a couple of buttons, and even record that same show every time it comes on without you doing anything else. These boxes have hard drives that allow you a certain number of hours of programming.
HD DVR
High Definition Digital Video Recorders are essentially a combination of HD boxes and DVRs. You can record both standard definition and high-definition shows to the hard drive, which is usually considerably bigger than a standard DVR since HD shows take up considerably more space due to the more defined picture.
Tags: 100-percent digital, Cable Boxes, access subscription, Digital Video, Standard Cable
Perfect exposure compensation is the ultimate goal of many photographers, and your Canon camera is capable of producing high-quality results. To get the best exposure, the lighting surrounding your subjects, background and foreground must be all taken into account. Exposure compensation problems may occur when one or more of those elements is too bright or too dark. Taking pictures in the best lighting, however, isn't always possible. That's where setting your Canon to the correct exposure matters most.
Evaluate Metering Compensation Conflicts
Canon Electro-Optical System cameras use the evaluate metering feature to take measurements from different areas of the scene. This works well for objects that are off-center or backlit; however, the camera can't distinguish exactly what kind of subject you're shooting. For example, it can't discern whether the subject is light or dark, and whether the lighting conditions are poor or bright, respectively. Additional compensation is needed, but when you combine exposure compensation with evaluative metering, you risk producing an overexposed picture due to some overlapping of compensation.
Different Buttons and Switches
Exposure compensation problems may occur because there's a learning curve for understanding how compensation buttons and switches work on specific Canon camera models. Once you become familiar with how your camera handles exposure compensation, you won't necessarily be able to transfer that setting knowledge easily to another Canon camera. That's because each model has variances in how its exposure compensation is set. For example, on the EOS-1D and other camera models, you first have to make sure the Quick Control Dial is switched to the "On" position, then turn the Quick Control Dial right for positive or left for negative compensation adjustments. On other EOS cameras, such as EOS 300D, you have to press and hold down the "+/-AV" button and then turn the Electric Input Dial to the right or left to make compensation adjustments. Therefore, starting over and practicing taking different shots is necessary when you switch cameras.
Custom Function Stop Variances
Several Canon camera models have varied rules on how you can use custom C.Fn.6 stop exposure compensation increments. For example, the EOS-1 film camera's Custom Function 6-0 option is equal to 1/3 stop increments, and its Custom Function 6-1 is equal to 1 stop increments. Compare that to the EOS-1N camera, where 6-0 is equal to 1/3 stop increments, but the stop increments for aperture and shutter speed can be set using the 6-1 option. In addition, the 6-2 option on the EOS-1N is used to set everything to 1/2 stop increments. Furthermore, the EOS DS30 digital camera has two exposure compensation custom function options: the Custom Function 4-0 for 1/3 stops and Custom Function 4-1 for 1/2 stops. These camera custom stop variances may make it difficult for you to remember properly set exposure compensation from camera to camera. There is always a learning curve when you switch cameras.
Tips and Considerations
An easy way to test exposure compensation is to take a few pictures of white and black objects. You've underexposed the picture if the white object appears gray or shadowy. The opposite is true if you take a picture of a black object and it appears gray -- it's overexposed, if that's the case. Of course, you can deliberately create under or overexposed pictures if that's the look you're going for. Testing your compensation levels enables you to take the appropriate adjustments to suit your needs. Also, stick with using one type of Canon model when taking a group of pictures, and always take a few test shots. When you upgrade cameras, allow yourself enough time to test its various compensation exposure settings before taking a multitude of pictures. In addition, although exposure compensation problems don't commonly happen due to outdated software, it's still a possibility. Visit the Canon website and download the latest drivers for your specific camera model.
Audio visual devices are such items as DVD players and video game consoles. An audio-video distribution system will determine the quality of sound and visual elements in your home entertainment systems.
Types
Any DVD player, video game system or TV built in the past 10 years contains an audio-video distribution system. An audio-video system contains components to reproduce sound you would get from DVD players or video game consoles. These systems usually contain speaker imports for your home entertainment systems to carry amplified sound. It also reproduces video signals from these consoles. Audio-video distribution systems also come with an adjustable bass reflex. This mechanism enables you to adjust the amount of sound and bass coming out of you subwoofers and other speakers plugged in to your system.
Function
Most audio-video distribution systems run off of AC or alternating current. Some portable systems may take batteries or DC power. One piece of equipment that can use an A/V system is a laser disc player--it has a Dolby digital RF modulated signal. Because of this, signals have to be converted into digital bit streams before being used in an audio-video distribution system receiver and amplifier.
Significance
These systems have to use an accelerometer to register the acceleration, so they can deliver correction signals through a feedback circuit. This makes sure the waveform of the output is equal to that of the input.
Audio-video distribution systems use an analogue-dialogue normalization system to maintain a uniform level of Dolby digital software when switching between screen titles.
Benefits
Another audio assistant mechanism is the amplifier. This device will increase the level and power of input signals. Amplifiers consist of two main parts: the control amplifier for level control and the tonal adjustments with a power amplifier that is able to deliver enough current to power loud speakers.
Function
The video side of an audio-video distribution system uses twice the resolution and detail as VHS. You also have soundtracks with dialogue of up to 8 languages, with subtitles of up to 32 languages. These systems are found at most video and electronic stores.
Tags: audio-video distribution, audio-video distribution system, distribution system, distribution systems, These systems
The Emerson Universal Remote serves as a replacement or operating alternative for brand name remotes that have been damaged or misplaced. These items are cost efficient and easy to acquire, which gives consumers the advantage of not having to replace the item directly from the manufacturer. Universal remotes are user-friendly and easy to install. This article will explain the steps you will need to successfully program your Emerson Universal Remote.
Instructions
1. Turn on the electronic device you desire to program. Locate the device's manufacturer name which should be located on the front of the device. This will indicate which code needs to be entered to program the device. Position the remote control in direction of the electronic device. Press and hold the square "Code Search" button down for approximately 3 to 5 seconds or until a solid red light appears. This button will be located in the very top left corner of the remote control.
2. Determine the type of device your are trying to program and press it's identifier on the keypad. These buttons are located on the second row of the remote's keypad. They are labeled "Cable," "TV," "VCR," and "DVD." Choose your device accordingly. The red signal light located in top left corner of the remote should begin flashing when you press your device button.
3. Enter the three digit manufacturer code from the code list in order to program the device. Each time you press a button, the red signal light should flash. This is a strong indicator that the code is being processed successfully. After you have entered the entire manufacturer code, the signal light should shut off completely.
4. Press the remote's "Power" button and the device should power off. This is an indication that you have successfully programmed the device to function with this remote control.
We've all received pictures from the photo lab only to find that the eyes of friends, loved ones and even the family pet have taken on a red glow. Rest assured, this is a problem that can be avoided with relative ease.
Instructions
Your Camera
1. Attach a flash gun or detachable flash to the camera with a flash cable that connects to the front of most 35 mm cameras through a small socket.
2. Set the shutter speed of a manual camera to 1/60 second using the shutter speed dial on the top-left side of the camera.
3. Set an automatic camera to flash mode and attach a flash gun to the socket on the front of the camera.
4. Hold the flash gun a couple of feet to one side of the camera and slightly above the subject's head.
5. Press the shutter release on top of the camera.
Your Subjects
6. Turn on the lights in the room so that your subjects' pupils will decrease in size.
7. Ask them to look to the side of your camera rather than straight at the camera when you snap the picture.
8. Divert babies or pets so that they look away from the camera.
Cameras have always relied on light-sensitive surfaces in order to capture images for posterity. However, the nature of that reflecting surface has changed over the last few decades. While photographic film used a chemical process to capture an image, an image sensor can perform the same process by electronic means. An image sensor is a device that converts an optical image formed by an imaging lens into electronic signals, according to the book "Image Sensors and Signal Processing for Digital Cameras."
About Diodes
Electric image sensors can detect light with the aid of diodes. You can also see diodes in all manner of electric circuits. In fact, diodes make up one of the building blocks of modern electronics. Diodes mostly consist of a material called a semiconductor, which conducts electricity only when certain conditions are met; for instance, when you shine a light on it. A diode actually consists of two joined semiconductors that are doped with impurities so they can behave in a certain desired way.
How Diodes Work
The doped semiconductors, when joined together, form what is called a p-n junction. Through this p-n junction (p-n stands for positive-negative), electric current can flow one way, but not the other. This makes diodes extremely important in electronic circuits, where the direction of the current flow is vital for electronic devices to work properly. Over the years, engineers have found a multitude of uses for diodes as they have experimented with different semiconducting materials and doping methods.
Diodes and Light
Over time, people found that certain materials, when used for semiconductors in a diode, emitted light when a current passed through them. This phenomenon is called "radiative transition" and became the basis for light-emitting diodes, or LEDs. Nowadays, LEDs are used for everything from digital watches to automobile headlights and as backlights for television screens. It turns out the opposite can be achieved: diodes that absorb light and turn it into electric current, instead of emitting light whenever electric current passes through them.
Photodiodes
These types of diodes are called photodiodes, and make up the main components in image sensors. A typical image sensor in a digital camera contains a vast number of microscopic photodiodes. When each photodiode gets hit with light, it accumulates electrons on its cathode (the negative side of the p-n junction). The camera then measures the accumulated charge on each of the photodiodes. The overall pattern of electrical charges reflects the amount of light and shade in a given image. When capturing color images, each diode is covered with either a red, blue or green filter that lets the camera measure a single primary color per diode.
Types of Image Sensors
Of all image sensors, the most commonly used type is the charged-coupled device, or CCD, according to the book "Video Production Handbook." CCDs represent a more mature, rugged technology that results in small image sensors that deliver great results. Another type of image sensor is the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, or CMOS. Although traditionally being susceptible to noise, CMOS technology has begun to catch up with CCDs. CMOS sensors also tend to consume up to 100 times less energy than CCDs, and are also cheaper to produce.
Tags: image sensor, electric current, image sensors, according book, current flow
Ringtones are big business and a cool way to add some flavor to something as mundane as a ringing phone. If you have a favorite song from one of your video games you can use one of them as a ringtone for your cell phone. Just follow these simple steps and you'll have songs from your favorite video game as ringtones letting you know there's a call waiting for you.
Instructions
1. Send a text message from your cell phone to your email address. You just need to type your email address in the field where you would usually type a phone number. The purpose of this step is so you can have the email address of your cell phone, which you will need later in the process.
2. Go to the website vgmusic.com.
3. Choose a video game system in the left column to find the game title you're looking for.
4. Select the game title and then choose from the list of songs under each title to select the ringtone you would like.
5. Right click the desired song title and click "Save target as" and save the file on your desktop.
6. Open your email account and use the address of your cell phone from Step 1 to send a message to your phone with the song as an attachment. The address should look like 1234567@yourphonesubscriber.com.
7. Save the file to your phone once you open the message. And now you have a video game ringtone on your phone.
Tags: cell phone, your cell, your cell phone, email address, from your, video game
Third Generation, or 3G, wireless networks are mobile networks capable of transmitting and receiving voice and data information between mobile phones, landlines and the Internet at high speeds. The technology first launched with Verizon's 3G network in early 2002. Most American wireless networks quickly followed suit. The 3G standard will be followed by the 4G standard featuring Long Term Evolution Technology.
3G Networks
There are two standards of 3G technology in use in the United States. HSDPA/UTMS and EVDO. HSDPA/UTMS or High Speed Downlink Packet Access/Universal Mobile Telephone system allows for simultaneous voice and data transfer. This allows users to perform data tasks such as sending email or browsing the Internet while also making voice calls. EVDO networks also allow users to transfer data and voice, but not simultaneously.
Transmission Speeds
Transmission speeds for 3G networks vary depending on location, device, and carrier. Generally they are between 600 Kbps and 1.4 Mbps. As a point of reference, a device could transfer an average-sized MP3 file in approximately four seconds at 1.4 Mbps. These speeds are possible with mobile devices using EVDO rev. A.
Compatible Devices
In addition to 3G capable cell phones, many networks offer 3G computer expansions, allowing laptop users to access the Internet anywhere where their network provider has coverage. Devices that require wireless data transfer, such as the Amazon Kindle, also use 3G technology. Most devices charge a monthly fee for 3G data access. Other devices that only use 3G to connect to mobile market places offer 3G access for free.
Standards
The classification of a network as "3G" is based on the International Telecommunication Union's IMT-2000 standard. The standard is a framework set in place for developers to utilize the spectrum between 400 MHz and 3 GHz in a more concerted manner. Establishing a universal 3G standard reduces the differences between individual 3G networks. This reduces the challenges to global roaming by making it far easier to build a mobile phone that can work on any 3G network.
Tags: data transfer, HSDPA UTMS, voice data, wireless networks
Film speed, shutter speed and aperture determine exposure.
A 35mm camera was the camera of choice during the last half of the 20th century. These small-format cameras were capable of taking excellent photos, but the small film size magnified any mistake. Photographers who used these compact cameras used ways to minimize these problems and accentuate their strengths. They still produce stunning images.
Movement
Unwanted 35mm camera movement during exposure can produce an unusable image. The best way to prevent movement is to use a tripod. Mounting a 35mm camera on a tripod is the surest way to prevent blur because of camera movement. However, this also takes away the mobility and candid capabilities of the camera. There are some ways to minimize camera movement and shake. Hold your breath slightly before and after exposure to help prevent shake. Brace your arms against your elbows against your ribs during exposure also helps.
Film
Films with the lowest exposure index (EI), or International Standards Organization (ISO) number, will give the best quality pictures. Grain, or clumps of silver in the negative that makes the image, is smaller for a slow film. Smaller grain produces a sharper image. A slow film also requires more light to make the proper exposure. This means using a slow shutter speed that makes the camera more prone to movement and blurs. Choosing film with a higher ISO number allows the use of higher shutter speeds that help eliminate blurring from movement.
Depth of Field
The f-stop ring on the camera determines the aperture. A wide-open aperture is the smallest number, and the smallest is the largest number. The depth of field is the distance that is in focus. A smaller aperture gives a greater depth of field, while a larger one gives less. The focus must be exact if you're photographing with a wide-open lens. Use this to purposely isolate the subject and leave the background pleasantly out of focus. Smaller apertures increase the amount of area in focus. Use this technique to carry sharpness throughout the depth of the photograph. This is a pre-focusing technique. Use the depth of field to cover the area where the action will occur.
Blur
Sometimes blur is a good thing. This is the case with panning. Panning is following and exposing a subject as it moves. Ideally, this will give a sharp subject and blurred background. Do this effect by adjusting the camera exposure for a slow camera speed. The slower the speed, the more background blur. It takes a little practice to achieve the desired results, but it is well worth it.
Tags: camera movement, depth field, 35mm camera, against your, during exposure
The Canon 580EX is an external flash unit, or "speedlite," that is used with Canon SLRs and other compatible cameras when the camera's built-in flash is inadequate for lighting a scene. External flash units allow for faster recycle times, more power, advanced controls and an overall better quality of light. The camera's E-TTL mode allows photographers to let the flash meter the scene at hand and take what it determines is the best possible picture.
Instructions
1. Attach the Canon 580EX to your camera's hot shoe. The hot shoe is located at the top of the camera and 580EX slides into place. Once connected, use the lock switch to lock it in place.
2. Power on both the camera and the 580EX. The ON/OFF switch is located on the back of the unit to the right.
3. Press the "Mode" button on the back of the flash until the display reads "E-TTL" in the upper left corner. E-TTL is the camera's automatic mode. All metering is done automatically and the camera selects what it determines are the best settings for the scene at hand.
4. Press the "C.Fn" to illuminate the 580EX's display when working in dim environments. Use the "Zoom" button to determine the angle of the spread of light if it doesn't automatically set itself. This usually corresponds with the zoom length of the lens in use.
5. Compose your picture and press the shutter release button. Wait for the "Pilot" indicator light or flash recharge light button to turn red to determine when the flash is ready to be used again.
Tags: camera 580EX, Canon 580EX, determines best, scene hand, what determines
Black-and-white photography is the creation of monochrome images using photographic techniques. Through the use of either a traditional film camera or digital camera, the artist exposes an image media, such as film or a digital image sensor, to light. The light then affects the image media in such a way as to leave a permanent imprint of the scene on that media. This media is then processed to create a final image or photograph.
What Is Black & White Photography?
Black-and-white photography, also called monochrome, is the culmination of several other discoveries and inventions. The resulting image is limited to monochromatic hues, although filters may be applied to give a hue or tint. Different photographic processes and toners may also give a different hue to a black-and-white photograph; for example, selenium-based toners give a reddish-brown hue, while sepia toners give an oxidized, brown hue. These chemicals combine with the colloidal silver in the exposed photograph differently, creating different chemical reactions and producing different results.
Early Photography
Black-and-white photography is truly the root of the photographic process, and modern imaging has evolved from the early explorations into monochrome imaging. Nicéphore Niépce produced the first permanent black-and-white photograph in 1826 at his estate in France, using a modified camera obscura and a plate coated with a bitumen mixture sensitive to light. This first image took hours to expose; however, it was the birth of modern photography. Further discoveries, such as the colloidal wet-plate process developed by Frederick Scott Archer, cut down exposure times and moved black-and-white photography from being a scientific process toward becoming an accessible popular art form.
Developments in Black & White Photography
From Niépce's first landscape image and Archer's colloidal wet-plate process, black-and-white photography still had evolving to do before becoming the modern art form it is today. The colloidal wet-plate process did cut down exposure times but was unwieldy and long, requiring the photographer to develop images instantly. The photographer could not be far from his darkroom, severely limiting applications for this new art. In 1883, George Eastman introduced photographic film in rolls, and in 1888, Eastman Kodak released the first consumer camera, making the art of photography accessible to anyone.
Development Processes
Early black-and-white photography processes depended upon creating an image directly on the display media. This changed with Kodak's introduction of roll film, and the process of creating an image now did not necessitate having a darkroom to hand; however, it did require that the film be developed and the image transferred to a specially treated paper. The process of developing film was then born--the exposed film is washed in a developer, which acts upon the silver halide crystals. Crystals that have not been exposed to light are washed away, while crystals that have been exposed to light are darkened. This creates a negative, or inverted, image on the film, which must then must be converted in the darkroom to a photograph.
Modern Black & White Photography
Modern black-and-white photography can be either film-based or digital. The process remains the same in that the film or digital sensor is exposed to light through a lens, and then the resulting image is processed either in a darkroom or by computer to create the final black-and-white image. Despite advances into digital photography, many artists continue to use and prefer traditional film processes. The advantage to digital photography is that the process is chemical free; however, film still has a greater dynamic capture range than a digital photography sensor, allowing more minute control over the finished print.
Tags: Black White, Black White Photography, White Photography, colloidal wet-plate, colloidal wet-plate process, digital photography, exposed light
The transition from analog over-the-air broadcasting to an all-digital format has improved the way television is watched. Digital television eliminates interference and provides a clear picture. A digital converter box is needed if you have a television without a digital tuner built in. Converter boxes have additional benefits such as on screen program guides and even local weather.
Connecting your Antenna to the Converter Box
Place your television antenna in the best position to receive a strong signal. Indoor antennas should be placed in a high location or near a window. For specific broadcasting locations and antenna recommendations for your area, visit antennaweb.org.
Attach a coaxial cable to the RF (coax) output on your antenna. If you are running extended cable lengths, you may need an antenna with improved signal amplification. Connect the other end of the coaxial cable into the RF input on the converter box. Check your connections. Make sure that your coaxial cable is screwed on straight and tight.
Using RF to connect your converter box
Screw a coaxial cable into the RF output on the digital converter box. Attach the coaxial cable to the RF input on your television. Check the new connections. Confirm that all cables are attached to the right input/output connections, screwed in correctly and tight. Plug in the power cables into the antenna and the converter box and connect them to an electrical outlet.
Turn on your television and select the correct channel. Converter boxes typically work on channel three or four. Read the instruction manual to find out which channel your television should be on.
Using a RCA Cable
Plug in a RCA cable to the RCA/composite output on the converter box. Composite cables are color coded (red, white and yellow). Be sure to connect the cable to the correct terminals. Connect the RCA cable into the RCA/composite input on your television. It may be labeled "video 1" or another variation. Take note of which input you connect your converter box to. Connect the power cables to the antenna and converter box. Power on the television and press the "input" or "TV/Video" button on your remote until the correct input is selected.
Using your converter box
Once the converter box is connected and functional you will no longer use the television remote to change channels on your TV. Converter boxes come with a remote control. Some are programmable and will allow you to power on your television and control volume as well.
Tags: your television, coaxial cable, cable into, Converter boxes, Attach coaxial, Attach coaxial cable, coaxial cable into
Boasting all the benefits of natural sunlight without harmful UV rays, infrared light is electromagnetic radiation. Infrared light can be short, medium or long. Its wavelength is longer than visible light, shorter than radio waves, and has been used successfully to cure severe acne.
The Facts
All radiation which we normally think of as heat is transmitted by infrared rays. These can be from the sun, a fire or a light bulb. This light can penetrate the human body up to two to three centimeters; however, you can't see it with the naked eye.
Sunlight consists of the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Its energy moves in a wave pattern. Some wavelengths are visible and some are invisible. Visible light is the wavelength range of 400 to 700 nanometers (nm) in the electromagnetic spectrum. Visible light falls in the color range of violet, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. Infrared light begins just beyond red.
Light therapy, or photo rejuvenation, refers to all treatments and devices which use wavelengths of light.
Some light therapies for acne combine blue and red light. Others focus on only blue light. Narrow band blue light therapy has been approved by the FDA for acne treatment. Some light therapy systems combine infrared and visible light wavelengths, such as Deep Penetrating Light Therapy.
Proponents say that infrared light therapy promotes cell renewal and healing from the inside out by stimulating the body's natural processes, thus making it a good treatment for wrinkles, acne, wounds and pain management.
Effects
Infrared light activates ATP (adenosine triphosphate) in the skin cells. ATP is the main energy source for cellular function. This sets in motion the body's natural processes to kill the bacteria that cause acne and to restore the skin through cell renewal.
Using a 1450-nm diode laser treatment on 19 patients, scientists reported that acne lesions were decreased by 37 percent after one treatment, according to Jeffrey S. Dover, MD, FRCPC. After two treatments, they were reduced by 50 percent, and after three treatments lesions were reduced by 83 percent.
The study also reported that patients commonly experienced erythema and edema after treatment, but it went away in 24 hours or less. No other side effects were noted. It was unclear from the study whether the treatment worked by reducing the numbers of Propionibacterium acnes or by shrinking the sebaceous glands by thermal damage, although probably the latter. Shrinking the sebaceous glands is how the popular acne treatment Accutane(R) works.
Side Effects
There are no known major side effects for infrared light therapy. A few minor side effects have been observed in some patients, such as depression and anxiety. Mania has been reported in some persons who suffered from mental disorders involving mania. As stated in Section 2, erythema and edema were reportedly common after treatment with pulsed infrared lasers but went away in 24 hours or less.
Considerations
You should avoid light therapy, except under professional medical advice, if your eyes are sensitive; if you have a past history of mania; if you are taking antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other type of medication that makes the skin sensitive to sunlight; if you have photosensitive skin or if you have a disorder such as porphyria or enzyme disorders that affect the skin and nervous system.
Additional Uses
Infrared light therapy is also used for sports injuries, healing of diabetic wounds, as an anti-aging treatment and for pain management.
One of the safest forms of acne treatment, infrared light therapy is simple and painless.
Tags: acne treatment, after treatment, blue light, light therapy, away hours, away hours less
If you use a digital or film-based Canon single lens reflex camera (SLR) you might want to strap an external flash onto the camera's hot shoe. The Canon Speedlite 430EX offers photographers the ability to illuminate a scene up to 42 feet away from the camera---a huge improvement over the camera's standard built-in popup flash that reaches less than 20 feet. Whether you choose to use the Canon Speedlite 430EX as a fill flash or to illuminate the entire scene, you can start snapping photos after just a few minutes of setup.
Instructions
1. Slide open the battery compartment door located on the narrow side of the flash. Insert four AA batteries. The unit accepts rechargeable or disposable batteries.
2. Seat the base of the flash unit on top of your Canon camera, in the hot shoe. Slide the flash forward, toward the camera lens. Rotate the base dial on the flash counterclockwise to tighten the unit to the camera. Flip the "Off/Slave" lever just below the base dial to the left, to the "Off" position.
3. Turn on the flash by sliding the power switch---located on the rear of the flash---up to the "On" position. Press the "Mode" button until you reach the "ETTL" or "ETTL II" setting. Only one of the two settings will show depending on your model of Canon camera. The ETTL and ETTL II settings are auto modes for the flash.
4. Press the "Mode" button until an "M" displays on the LCD screen on the back of the flash to use the flash manually. Use the "+" and "-" buttons to toggle through the seven manual power settings in the "Manual Mode." Choose this option when photographing a stagnant scene with no lighting or subject changes---such as a still life setup---or when you need a fraction of a flash burst for fill lighting.
5. Grasp the tilt and swivel head of the Canon Speedlite 430EX flash and rotate the head as needed. Bounce the light from the flash off a white wall in a confined space by turning it to the side facing the wall, or angle the flash head directly up to create bounce flash off the ceiling.
6. Turn on the Canon camera. Begin taking photographs. The camera will signal the flash to fire. You will not need to press buttons on the flash to activate it while taking pictures.
Tags: Canon Speedlite, Canon camera, Speedlite 430EX, base dial, button until, camera shoe